Sequential Analysis of Airline Industry in Nigeria Free Essays

Many wonder about the influence of product /service contents or features on business function. Why do people prefer certain airlines and not others? Some insist on KLM, while others prefer emirates  . Some choose virgin atlantic airways, while some others go for british airways. We will write a custom essay sample on Sequential Analysis of Airline Industry in Nigeria or any similar topic only for you Order Now Yet many people contend that there are no significant differences among well – known airlines. The passengers’ choice may be influenced by the quality of services offered or the attractive price package, or value for money programme. Frequency, the ticket price, in-flight services, punctuality, time schedule, seat comfort and other characteristics combine to project an image to the prospective passenger. Consequently, these features are input element in a marketing programme. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors influencing choice and the extent to which customers are likely to exhibit loyalty in the face of severe price competition. This study explores the change in airline passengers’ preferences in situations where service quality improves. This study is informed by the influx of foreign airlines into Nigeria and the attendant issue of how a prospective buyer takes a decision on which airline to fly. This investigation is conceived with the objective of measuring the effect on airlines the decision variable per passenger’s preferences. The aim is to ascertain how the effect of factors influencing the choice of airline significantly improves the marketing strategies employed by these airlines. This research problem is undertaken by utilizing an approach which involves a literature review to identify key construct and a survey. The information gathered are then used in the development of a questionnaire. The key issues influencing the choice of airline are identified. In other to test the hypothesis, that ‘value for money’ acts a s key decision variable, a survey of customers is conducted using a convenient sample of respondents who have been responsible for purchasing airline tickets for themselves to undertake international travel in the prior twelve months. Respondents rate the importance of a variety of issues relating to airlines choice. A factor analysis of these items is then carried out using a varimax rotation. Under the advance exploratory analysis, a multivariate analysis of variance is therefore undertaken to analyze the impact of some of these determining factors on likelihood to fly on an airline. The analysis shows that the two top factors affecting passengers’ choice of airline are â€Å"schedule of the time† and â€Å"safety†. The actor of seat comfort is ranked fourth by the total number of passengers. The analysis of pasenger’s satisfaction tells us the quality of airline services that passengers actually received. The result shows that â€Å"seat comfort† is ranked far behind the other eight factors, indicating that the service quality that passengers received is below average. Under the choice model, the sign of price is negative implying that the passengers prefer the airline with lower ticket to that with the higher ticket fare which is identical with normal expectation. The sign of seat type is positive which indicate passengers’ actually view seat comfort as an important factor in their choice decision. The above findings show that this market segment currently lacks loyalty and is driven solely by price related features. It may therefore be necessary for airlines to undertake further investigation that allows them to develop strategies and packages that particularly target the need of this group. How to cite Sequential Analysis of Airline Industry in Nigeria, Essay examples

Water Balance Essay Sample free essay sample

Adipose tissue is one of the most hydrated of all tissues in the human organic structure. False The most abundant cation in intracellular fluid is sodium. False Electrolytes determine most of the chemical and physical reactions of the organic structure. True Solutes. regardless of size. are able to travel freely between compartments because H2O carries them along the osmotic gradients. False The thirst centre in the encephalon is located in the hypothalamus. True Dehydration can be caused by endocrinal perturbations such as diabetes mellitus or diabetes insipidus. True It is impossible to overhydrate because people need as much H2O as they can imbibe to transport out ordinary organic structure maps. False Water instability. in which end product exceeds intake. doing an instability in organic structure fluids. is termed desiccation. True Salts are lost from the organic structure in sweat. fecal matters. and urine. True Hypoproteinemia reflects a status of remarkably high degrees of plasma proteins and causes tissue hydrops. False Although the Na content of the organic structure may be altered. its concentration in the ECF remains stable because of immediate accommodations in H2O volume. True Sodium is polar to fluid and electrolyte balance and to the homeostasis of all organic structure systems. True When aldosterone release is inhibited. sodium resorption can non happen beyond the roll uping tubing. True Aldosterone stimulates the resorption of Na while heightening potassium secernment. True Pressure diuresis decreases blood volume and blood force per unit area. True Aldosterone is secreted in response to low extracellular K. False To stay decently hydrated. H2O consumption must be H2O end product. True The chief manner the kidney regulates potassium ions is to egest them. True Atrial natriuretic peptide reduces blood force per unit area and blood volume by suppressing about all events that promote vasodilation and K and H2O keeping. False Premenstrual hydrops may be due to enhanced resorption of Na c hloride. True Heavy ingestion of salt replacements high in K can show a serious clinical job when aldosterone release is non normal. True Hypercalcemia causes musculus tetanilla. False The two endocrines responsible for the ordinance of Ca are pituitary endocrine and calcitonin. False Calcitonin targets the castanetss and causes the release of Ca from storage when serum degrees are low. False The normal pH of blood is 7. 35-7. 45. TrueMost acidic substances ( hydrogen ions ) originate as byproducts of cellular metamorphosis. True Weak acids are able to move as chemical buffering systems for the organic structure because they partly dissociate. TrueThe phosphate buffer system is comparatively unimportant for buffering blood plasma. True The individual most of import blood buffer system is the hydrogen carbonate buffer system. True One of the most powerful and plentiful beginnings of buffers is the protein buffer system. True As airing additions and more C dioxide is removed from the blood. the H ion concentration of the blood lessenings. True Regulation of the acid-base system is accomplished chiefly through respiratory control. and the kidneys besides play a little function. False Severe harm to the respiratory system seldom will ensue in acid-base instabilities. False Respiratory acidosis consequences when lungs are obstructed and gas exchange is inefficient. True Prolonged hyperventilation can do alkalosis. True Thirst is ever a dependable index of organic structure H2O demand. False Blood sourness consequences in depression of the CNS. whereas blood alkalosis consequences in overexcitement of the CNS. True 1 ) The body’s H2O volume is closely tied to the degree of which of the undermentioned ions? A ) Ca ions B ) K ionsC ) H ionsD ) Na ions2 ) The term hypotonic hydration refers to ________ .A ) the experiencing 1 might hold after a long swimB ) the unpleasant feeling people have after imbibing excessively much liquor C ) a status that may ensue from nephritic inadequacy or imbibing extraordinary sums of H2O D ) a status that is caused by high degrees of Na in the extracellular fluid compartment 3 ) Hypoproteinemia is a status of remarkably low degrees of plasma proteins. This job is frequently characterized by ________ . A ) tissue hydropsB ) extreme weight lossC ) extreme weight additionD ) nervus harm4 ) Which of the undermentioned endocrines is of import in the ordinance of Na ion concentrations in the extracellular fluid?A ) antidiuretic endocrineB ) erythropoietinC ) aldosteroneD ) renin 5 ) Atrial natriuretic peptide is a endocrine that is made in the atria of the bosom. The influence of this endocrine is to ________ .A ) enhance atrial contractionsB ) activate the renin-angiotensin mechanismC ) prevent pH alterations caused by organic acidsD ) cut down blood force per unit area and blood volume by suppressing Na and H2O keeping 6 ) Respiratory acidosis can happen when ________ .A ) a individual consumes inordinate sums of alkalizersB ) a person’s external respiration is shallow due to obstructionC ) a smuggler has completed a really long endurance contestD ) the kidneys secrete H ions 7 ) Which of the undermentioned two variety meats function as the most of import physiological buffer systems?A ) the lungs and the kidneysB ) the adrenal secretory organs and the testiclesC ) the thyroid secretory organ and the bosomD ) the tummy and the liver 8 ) Which of the picks below is non an indispensable function of salts in the organic structure?A ) neuromuscular activityB ) membrane permeablenessC ) secretory activityD ) constructive metabolism of proteins 9 ) Which of the picks below exerts primary control over Na degrees in the organic structure?A ) VasopressinB ) aldosteroneC ) H2O degreesD ) glucocorticoids 10 ) The fluid nexus between the external and internal environment is ________ . A ) plasmaB ) intracellular fluidC ) interstitial fluidD ) cerebrospinal fluid 11 ) Newborn babies have a comparatively higher ________ content in their Extracellular fluid than do grownups.A ) FeB ) NaC ) MgD ) hydrogen carbonate12 ) Whereas Na is found chiefly in the extracellular fluid. most ________ is found in the intracellular fluid.A ) FeB ) chlorideC ) KD ) Mg 13 ) Which of the undermentioned describes the distribution of Na and K between cells and organic structure fluids? A ) K+ chiefly in the cells. Na+ in the organic structure fluidsB ) Na+ chiefly in the cells. K+ in the organic structure fluidsC ) equal sums of each ion in the cells and organic structure fluidsD ) little of either in the cells. but big sums of each in the organic structure fluids 14 ) Problems with fluid. electrolyte. and acid-base balance are peculiarly common in babies because of their ________ .A ) inefficient kidneys B ) relatively low metabolic ratesC ) low rate of insensible H2O lossD ) low day-to-day rate of fluid exchange 15 ) The individual most of import factor act uponing K ion secernment is ________ .A ) the K ion content in the nephritic tubule cellsB ) the pH of the ICFC ) intracellular Na degreesD ) K ion concentration in blood plasma 16 ) The term alkaline modesty is used to depict the ________ buffer system.A ) phosphateB ) haemoglobinC ) hydrogen carbonateD ) protein 17 ) A falling blood pH and a lifting partial force per unit area of C dioxide due to pneumonia or emphysema indicates ________ .A ) respiratory acidosisB ) respiratory alkalosisC ) metabolic acidosisD ) metabolic alkalosis 18 ) The motion of fluids between cellular compartments ________ .A ) requires active conveyanceB ) is regulated by osmotic and hydrostatic forcesC ) requires ATP for the conveyance to take topographic pointD ) involves filtration 19 ) What endocrine reduces blood force per unit area and blood volume by suppressing about all events that promote vasoconstriction and Na ion and H2O keeping?A ) VasopressinB ) aldosteroneC ) atrial natriuretic peptideD ) tetraiodothyronine 20 ) Which of the followers is non a method for modulating the H ion concentration in blood?A ) chemical buffer systemsB ) dietC ) respiratory alterationsD ) renal mechanism 21 ) Which of the followers is non a chemical buffer system?A ) hydrogen carbonateB ) phosphateC ) nucleic acidD ) protein 22 ) Extracellular fluid in the human organic structure is composed of all of the undermentioned except ________ .A ) lymph and interstitial fluidB ) blood plasmaC ) cerebrospinal fluidD ) glucose 23 ) Which of the undermentioned statements is true sing fluid displacements?A ) Nonelectrolytes are the commanding factor in directing unstable displacements.B ) Electrolytes are non every bit of import as proteins in modulating unstable displacements inthe organic structure.C ) Electrolytes have greater osmotic power than nonelectrolytes and hence have the greatest ability to do unstable displacements.D ) There are ever more positive electrolytes than negative in a solution ; it is hence impossible to follow unstable displacements. 24 ) Which of the undermentioned endocrines is of import in stimulating H2O preservation in the kidneys?A ) aldosteroneB ) thymosinC ) antidiuretic endocrineD ) atrial natriuretic peptide 25 ) The care of the proper pH of the organic structure fluids may be the consequence of ________ . A ) the control of respiratory airingB ) the operation of the assorted buffer systems in the tummy C ) the active secernment of OH- into the filtrate by the kidney tubule cells D ) control of the acids produced in the tummy26 ) Which of the followers is non a upset of H2O balance? A ) inordinate hydration due to extra ADH secernmentB ) hypotonic hydration. in which Na content is normal but H2O content is high C ) hydrops or tissue puffiness. which is normally due to an increased capillary hydrostatic force per unit area D ) extra H2O in interstitial infinites due to a low degree of plasma proteins 27 ) The ordinance of Na ________ . A ) is due to specific Na receptors in the hypothalamusB ) is linked to blood force per unit areaC ) involves aldosterone. a endocrine that increases sodium elimination in the kidneys D ) involves hypothalamic osmoreceptor sensing of ion concentration 28 ) Select the right statement about nephritic mechanisms of acid-base balance. A ) The kidneys are non able to egest phosphorous acid. B ) Excreted H ions are unbound in the filtrate.C ) Kidney tubule cells are able to synthesise bicarbonate ion. D ) The kidneys are the most of import mechanism for extinguishing all bicarbonate ions. 29 ) Blood analysis indicates a low pH. and the patient is take a breathing quickly. Give your cognition of acid-base balance. which of the followers is most likely? A ) respiratory acidosis B ) metabolic acidosisC ) metabolic alkalosisD ) respiratory alkalosis30 ) A patient is take a breathing easy and blood pH analysis indicates an abnormally high value. What is the likely diagnosing? A ) respiratory acidosisB ) metabolic acidosisC ) metabolic alkalosisD ) respiratory alkalosis31 ) One of the major physiological factors that triggers thirst is ________ . A ) a dry oral cavity from high temperaturesB ) going excessively agitatedC ) imbibing caffeinated drinksD ) a rise in plasma osmolality32 ) Annie has merely eaten a big order of to a great extent salted French french friess. some pickled eggs. and some cheese. How will devour this much salt affect her physiology? A ) It will increase the osmolality of the blood. B ) There will be a impermanent addition in blood volume.C ) She will see hypotension.D ) There will be a displacement in the pH of her organic structure fluids to the higher side of the pH graduated table. 33 ) The most of import force doing net H2O flow across capillary walls is ________ . A ) osmotic force per unit area of plasma proteins B ) hydrostatic force per unit area of capillary bloodC ) hydrostatic force per unit area of interstitial fluidD ) intracellular hydrostatic force per unit area34 ) Which of the followers does non depend on the presence of electrolytes? A ) membrane mutual oppositionB ) neuromuscular irritabilityC ) care of osmotic dealingss between cells and ECFD ) sum of organic structure fat35 ) The ordinance of K balance ________ .A ) is non linked to sodium balanceB ) includes nephritic secernment. but neer soaking upC ) is accomplished chiefly by hepatic mechanismsD ) involves aldosterone-induced secernment of potassiumD

Immortality in Shakespeares Sonnets Essay Example

Immortality in Shakespeares Sonnets Paper The idea of immortality will either fascinate or scare you; fascinate you in the way that something could stay the same forever or scare you because nothing lives forever. Shakespeare felt true love was eternal despite anything and beauty was everlasting through his words. He believed Time was the taker of all things, but if his words and love were powerful enough, they could defeat Time. Sonnets 65,104,108, and 116 demonstrate how he has defeated Time with imagery, love, and admiration. Shakespeare gives credit to Time in these four sonnets by displaying it’s ability to make things decay, fade, and die. He says right away, â€Å"Since brass, nor stone, nor earth, nor boundless sea, but sad mortality o’ersways their power. † I imagine brass becoming rusty, stones perishing, the earth decaying, and the sea evaporating all with this first line. He then proposes a question we all might ask, â€Å"How with this rage shall beauty hold a plea, whose action is no stronger than a flower? † (65) A flower is delicate in every way. If held by the petal the petal will tear, if shaken the petals will fall, if stepped on the flower will die. A tone of despair continues though out this short sonnet while he contemplates ways to defeat Time. We will write a custom essay sample on Immortality in Shakespeares Sonnets specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Immortality in Shakespeares Sonnets specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Immortality in Shakespeares Sonnets specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer â€Å"O, fearful meditation, where, alack, shall Time’s best jewel from Time’s chest lie hid? Or what strong hand can hold his swift foot back,† Shakespeare has compared beauty to a jewel which would compare just as equal because jewels are rare and beautiful. I felt imagery was brought out as well because I imagined a huge grandfather clock ticking, but inside the clock a little man trying to stop it and failing each second. Then in a moment of clarity and brilliance, Shakespeare finds a way to beat Time! He is reminded and content in knowing that his verses can preserve youth’s beauty. â€Å"That in black ink my love may still shine bright† The beauty of his beloved can last forever now because of the beautiful words he has written to describe her. This last verse is ironic because it’s saying black will shine bright. Black isn’t really a color that shines brightly which makes that closing verse more powerful. Nothing can take away his words, including Time because everyone will have read them and will remember it. Just as his words can defeat Time, his memory and true admiration cannot be taken away either. Sonnet 104 is absolutely wonderful because it’s about a man who is just thrown by his friend’s beauty no matter how much time has passed since the last time they were together. Right away he confesses his admiration, â€Å"To me, fair friend, you never can be old, for as you were when first your eye I eyed, such seems your beauty still. † He then uses fantastic season imagery when writing about all the seasons. â€Å"Three winters cold have from the forests shook three summers’ pride; .. † It just perfectly illustrates a summer tree with no more leaves and only branches. These verses definitely take you back to each season. Shakespeare goes on to argue in the next couplet, if youth’s beauty has gone away: Beauty will never amount to youth’s face, nor will anything in the future be more beautiful than he. Youth’s beauty is immortal against Time because they met in â€Å"beauty’s summer† which was the boys perfect state. Shakespeare is saying his beauty is immortal because it doesn’t matter how long it’s been or who else comes into this world; I have seen what real beauty is so nothing can or will ever compare. Now that Shakespeare has proved beauty to be immortal with words and memories, he must prove that love is also part of immortality. Sonnet 108 is also written to a boy whom I am not sure who he is. Despite who he is writing to, he declares his love to be everlasting and eternal. In fact, he’s not quite sure how to express himself anymore so that he does not sound repetitive. â€Å"What’s in the brain that ink may character which hath not figured to thee my true spirit? † However, as many times as he has declared his love, he feels he must just as it is required to pray everyday. Time had no affect on this love no matter the wrinkles or age. â€Å"So that eternal love in love’s fresh case weighs not the dust and injury of age, nor gives to necessary wrinkles place, . . . † Time may have literally taken away his flawless face and youth, but love is stronger than Time. Love sees things in the purest form and from the first time it began. In this sonnet, Shakespeare somewhat lives in the past when thinking and describing the boy’s beauty. Beauty has still remained immortal in this sonnet as does his love for never changing. Continuing on Love, Shakespeare executes the idea of love being immortal in sonnet 116. â€Å"Love is not love which alters when it alteration finds, or bends with the remover to remove. † Now, this poem is exactly what love being immortal is all about. From the first verse to the last verse, it remains incredibly powerful and true. Time stands no chance against a love like this. â€Å"O no, it is an ever-fixed mark that looks on tempests and is never shaken; . .† Love cannot be shaken or unchanged, once you love someone it can never go away. It’s as if its’ been permanently engraved in your heart and soul and there’s no going back. Shakespeare begins to beat Time down by saying even Love is greater than beauty and you. â€Å"Love’s not time’s fool, though rosy lips and cheeks within his bending sickle’s compass come: Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks, but bears it out even to the edge of doom. † Time continues everyday leaving everything behind . . . EXCEPT Love. Shakespeare is so persistent is this theory that he is willing to put even his own reputation on the line. â€Å"If this be error and upon me proved, I never writ, nor no man ever loved. † An intense closing verse for someone who has so much riding on himself. If he believed wholeheartedly that Time could in no way defeat Love, it must be true. Shakespeare as usual does an excellent job illustrating imagery, passion, and complex ideas with his work. The sonnets I chose were chosen because they somewhat all linked. Shakespeare believed in immortality with beauty and love. He proved with these four sonnets, that Time surely was inevitable, but could be conquered. He preserves beauty and love with his sonnets making everything he’s seen and felt to be immortal until Time itself has finished.

Indian Citizenship Act of 1924

Indian Citizenship Act of 1924 The Indian Citizenship Act of 1924, also known as the Snyder Act, granted full U.S. citizenship to Native Americans. While the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in 1868, had bestowed citizenship on all persons born in the United States- including former slaves- the amendment had been interpreted as not applying to indigenous native people. Enacted partially in recognition of the Native Americans who had served in World War I, the act was signed into law by President Calvin Coolidge on June 2, 1924. Though the act granted Native Americans U.S. citizenship, it did not ensure them the right to vote. Key Takeaways: Indian Citizenship Act The Indian Citizenship Act of 1924, signed into law by President Calvin Coolidge on June 2, 1924, granted U.S. citizenship to all Native American Indians.The Fourteenth Amendment had been interpreted as not granting citizenship to indigenous native people. The Indian Citizenship Act was enacted partly as a tribute to American Indians who had fought in World War I.While it granted Native Americans citizenship, it did not grant them the right to vote. Historical Background Ratified in 1868, the 14th Amendment had declared that all persons â€Å"born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof† were American citizens. However, the â€Å"jurisdiction thereof† clause was interpreted to exclude most Native Americans. In 1870, the U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee declared â€Å"the 14th amendment to the Constitution has no effect whatever upon the status of the Indian tribes within the limits of the United States.† By the late 1800s, about 8% of Native people had qualified for U.S. citizenship due to being â€Å"taxed,† serving in the military, marrying whites, or accepting land allotments offered by the Dawes Act.   Enacted in 1887, the Dawes Act was intended to encourage Native Americans to abandon their Indian culture and â€Å"fit in† to mainstream American society. The act offered full citizenship to those Native Americans who agreed to leave their tribal lands to live on and farm free â€Å"allotments† of land. However, the Dawes Act had a negative effect on Native Americans on and off the reservations. Native Americans who had not already done so by other means won the right to full citizenship in 1924 when President Calvin Coolidge signed the Indian Citizenship Act. While the stated purpose was to reward the thousands of Indians who had served in World War I, Congress and Coolidge hoped the act would break apart the remaining Native nations and force Native Americans to assimilate into white American society. Text of the Indian Citizenship Act of 1924 â€Å"BE IT ENACTED by the Senate and house of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That all non-citizen Indians born within the territorial limits of the United States be, and they are hereby, declared to be citizens of the United States: Provided That the granting of such citizenship shall not in any manner impair or otherwise affect the right of any Indian to tribal or other property.† Native American Voting Rights For whatever reasons it was enacted, the Indian Citizenship Act did not grant Native people voting rights. Except for the 15th and 19th Amendments, which ensure African Americans and women the right to vote in all states, the Constitution grants the states the power to determine voting rights and requirements. At the time, many states opposed allowing Native people to vote in their states. As a result, Native Americans were forced to secure the right to vote by winning it in the individual state legislatures. Not until 1962 did New Mexico become the last state to guarantee voting rights for Native Americans. However, like black voters, many Native Americans were still prevented from voting by poll taxes, literacy tests, and physical intimidation. In 1915, the U.S. Supreme Court, in the case of Guinn v. United States, declared literacy tests unconstitutional and in 1965, the Voting Rights Act helped protect the voting rights of Native people in all states. However, the Supreme Court’s 2013 decision in Shelby County v. Holder dismantled a key provision of the Voting Rights Act requiring states with a history of racial bias in voting to get the permission of the U.S. Department of Justice before enacting new voter qualification laws. Weeks before the 2018 midterm elections, the North Dakota Supreme Court upheld a voting requirement that may have prevented many of the state’s Native American residents from voting. Native American Opposition to Citizenship Not all Native people wanted U.S. citizenship. As members of their individual tribal nations, many worried that U.S. citizenship might endanger their tribal sovereignty and citizenship. Particularly outspoken against the act, leaders of the Onondaga Indian Nation felt that forcing U.S. citizenship on all Indians without their consent was â€Å"treason.† Others hesitated to trust a government that had taken their land by force, separated their families, and brutally discriminated against them. Others remained adamantly opposed to being assimilated into white American society at the cost of their Indian culture and identity. Tribal leaders who supported act considered it a path to establishing a national political identity that would give their people a more influential voice in issues affecting them. Many Native Americans felt the government now had an obligation to protect them. They believed that, as U.S. citizens, the government would be required to protect them from white businessmen trying to steal their government-granted land. Sources and Further Reference NCC Staff. On this day, all Indians made United States citizens. National Constitution Center: Constitution Daily.. 1924 Indian Citizenship ActNational Park Service.Hass, Theodore H. (1957). The Legal Aspects of Indian Affairs from 1887 to 1957. American Academy of Political and Social Science.Bruyneel, Kevin. Challenging American Boundaries: Indigenous People and the Gift of U.S. Citizenship. Studies in American Political Development. . Letter of Onondaga Nation to Calvin CoolidgeThe Onondaga Nation and the Haudenosaunee.

Charles Chocolate case Essay Example for Free

Charles Chocolate case Essay Traelene beals â€Å"9am Friday† First, a formal case analysis – This should be written in a business style format using short paragraphs and sentences, self-explanatory headings, and any figures/tables that would facilitate reading. Reports are to be no longer than 2000 words (excluding appendices Issues to be addressed – No measures of productivity or efficiaency in the plant- no way of telling if the plant was doing a good job. Difficult demand forcasting due to seasonality of sales. 2 new stores had ok type sales. Best clients of Wholesale sales changed focus on cheaper items and also own products. Sales agents could be fired with 90 days notice. Other parts of US haven’t heard of us. Of the 221 wholesale customers purchase just $1000 worth of products. Other 125 purchase between 1000 and 2000 per year. Sales agents, don’t know how to represent the all products. Speculating future orders from wholesale clients to customize boxes and logos-waste of capital. 60% of the total online/phone orders were from existing customers. Online sales haven’t grown – orders processed within 3-4 days. Why ship internationaly(only 5%)—Antartica Really Summer problem at Sandwich heaven – why did staff leave? How to get new staff in this tight labour market. Marketing service – old fashioned — Undefined Target market? Packaging ? (tourists publicatins, seasonal print media and radio spots) How to increase awareness without diluting the brand. Leverage on solid search engine raankings to promote online sales Basic website, reminder service to customers-good/bad? Sales agents dint provide links to top accounts. Companies revenues had grown because of Sandwich heaven(franchising) High reliability on tourism. Corporate gift marketing – 25% discount – market was good – Explore boston ? ice cream sales Increase retail penetration? Acquire a niche chocolate company? What about the tradiotnal brand name? Internal capacity? Relocate factory? Background Charles produced high-quality, hand wrapped chocolates, Portland creams. Best quality, many loyal customers across the world. Huge factory(24000 sq foot)-owned-. Only 75 retail and 35 production employees, 20 in management. Working hours 7am-4pm(each day). – Leverage long shelf life Wholesale production required early planning and online sales required late production†¦ Production planning was completed by data distortions arising from out-of stock and over stock issues. – out of stock-over production – killed the pricing – by discount pricing. Special orders put the whole order on a stand still Retail stores provided 50% of sales. – Wholesale had 30% of sales – Charles is just used as an add on product. Online and phone – online 4% of total sales. –phone is 6% of total sales—60% of all these orders were from regular orders.. Avg sales $138 by phone and $91 from website†¦High growth industry†¦ Sandwich heaven – 10% of sales – Industry High demand for organic/dark chocolate- anti oxidant properties. Charles Chocolate case. (2018, Oct 13).

Managing Organizational Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Managing Organizational Strategy - Essay Example The company has been in operation since its establishment in the year 1911 and has had its 30% shares owned by the Thornton family. The company’s products mostly include chocolates, toffee and fudge, though it also deals in candies among other stuff (Smith, 2001). It has been committed to delivering quality products. It is led by Peter Burdon as the chief executive and boosts of at least 500 retail shops in over 568 countries across the globe. Part A: Strategic Position of Thornton External Environment: PESTLE Analysis Quite involved is the external environment of Thorntons Company which is associated with a number of activities. Its external business environment has suppliers, customers, competitors, as well as a number of regulations which are of direct influence to its business operations. The company has made efforts to ascertain that its ultimate role and purpose as regards its immediate environment enable it understand its position and place in the entire chocolate indus try (Treanor, 2000). The company has therefore acquired a stable position in its business environment alongside suiting its capabilities and resources. The company has also been able to align itself towards different needs form various governments. The same has been its case with regulations and legislations in its various markets in different countries within which it operates. In terms of economy, Thorntons Company has been stably placed in the market and it has been seen to be favored by trends in interest rates. Its employment is also well supplied and viable as far as its business operations are concerned along with reliable income distribution which is pinned on the same (Lee, 2001). The company has also been stable in it market amid inflations and recessions which have of late struck the entire global economy. In addition, Thorntons Company has been in the forefront in regard to corporate social responsibility. This is depicted as having positioned it well in terms of its rel ationship with the communities within which it does operate. Jenkins (2001) observes that this has also been the trend with people’s eating habits which have been seen to incline more and more to Thorntons Company products even in foreign markets. The company has therefore been able to influence a magnitude in its business environment. It has also adopted technological approaches such as in its products’ preservation and packaging. Its link to suppliers has also been electronically enabled hence efficiency (Cyert and Williams, 1993). The company also embraced internet sales and marketing of its products, as well as branding of the same. This has made easy and enhanced its operations especially following the fact that it is operating within a competitive market alongside helping in its management of data and information. Putting basis on environment and natural resources conservation, Thorntons Company has also been an advocate for green consumerism as have been identif ied with its operations and business activities (Edelman and Suchman, 1997). It has embraced recycling as well as environment sound and friendly packaging systems alongside energy efficient systems in its operations. Legally, the company has also been able to adhere to stipulated legislation requirements in various countries it has business in. this is evident in terms of health and safety requirements, in its planning systems and employment requirements. Strategy Capability Analyses: Using Value Chain to

How to Reduce Recidivism among Ex-Convicts Essay

How to Reduce Recidivism among Ex-Convicts - Essay Example This paper argues that incarceration alone is not enough to reduce crime rates, especially re-imprisonment rates, and that the best way to reform ex-convicts is to offer them education, rehabilitation, and employment opportunities that will help them re-integrate more successfully into public life. Background For the past twenty years, the costs of maintaining prison cells have expanded more swiftly than other spending categories of state budgets, except for health care expenditures (Sedgley et al. 498). In 2006, the incarcerated reached the population of 1.57 million, and the incarceration rate grew to 1.9% for five years, from 2000 to 2005 (Sedgley et al. 498). Recidivism is a costly problem, considering that out of more than 600,000 prisoners released every year, 5% returns after six months, while 25.4% are re-imprisoned within three years after release (Sedgley et al. 498). Supporters of imprisonment argue that incarceration serves an important deterrent purpose. If this is so ef fective, however, how come these people are re-imprisoned in as short as six months after their freedom? In this paper’s opinion, they are not prepared yet to become law-abiding citizens, who can find and maintain stable jobs and homes. They need something more than imprisonment to change them; they need society to educate them and to help them deal with their substance abuse problems, if present. Arguments Ex-convicts with substance abuse problems require long-term residential therapeutic system to help them change their attitudes and practices toward illegal drugs. Drugs change how people think, so it means they also need medical and non-pharmacological treatment to wash out these toxins and their effects on their thinking and actions. In â€Å"Recidivism among High-Risk Drug Felons: A Longitudinal Analysis Following Residential Treatment,† Belenko et al. studied the effect of participating in Drug Treatment Alternative to Prison (DTAP) program on ex-con’s rec idivism rate. They used a longitudinal quasi-experimental design that had an experimental sample of 150 offenders and a comparison sample of 130 offenders. Findings showed that diverting drug offenders to DTAP resulted to lower rates of recidivism; yearly arrest rates and the total number of months of new incarceration were considerably reduced; and the time before the first re-arrest was longer. Another study recommends the use of a drug court, so that drug offenders are not lumped with hard-core criminals through incarceration. In â€Å"Drug Court: An Effective Alternative to Incarceration,† Kalich and Evans study the effectiveness of the F.I.S.T Drug Court Program in decreasing the recidivism rates of participants, when compared to a control group. Drug courts respond to the â€Å"need for public safety by providing extensive monitoring of clients through frequent court contacts, group treatment sessions, and drug testing† (570). Findings showed that dependence on d rug court components is directly related to lower rates of recidivism (Kalich and Evans 587). The researchers also learned the importance of determining and utilizing suitable group comparisons in recidivism studies (Kalich and Evans 587). These studies provide compelling evidence that incarceration is not suitable for drug offenders. Instead, they should be coerced to take long-term residential treatment that will persist, until these offenders are fully