Ratio: Balance Sheet and Financial Results

UVA-C-2332 Rev. Oct. 17, 2012 RATIOS TELL A STORY—2011 Financial results and conditions vary among companies for a number of reasons. One reason for the variation can be traced to the characteristics of the industries in which companies operate. For example, some industries require large investments in property, plant, and equipment (PP&E), while others require very little. In some industries, the competitive productpricing structure permits companies to earn significant profits per sales dollar, while in other industries the product-pricing structure imposes a much lower profit margin.In most low-margin industries, however, companies often experience a relatively high rate of product throughput. A second reason for some of the variation in financial results and conditions among companies is the result of management philosophy and policy. Some companies reduce their manufacturing capacity to match more closely their immediate sales prospects, while others carry excess capacity to be prepared for future sales growth. Also, some companies finance their assets with borrowed funds, while others avoid that leverage and choose instead to finance their assets with owners’ equity.And some corporate management teams choose to not pay dividends to their owners, preferring to reinvest those funds in the company. Of course, another reason for some of the variation in reported financial results among companies is the differing competencies of management. Given the same industry characteristics and the same management policies, different companies may report different financial results simply because their managements perform differently. And last, one other reason is that some industries are more susceptible to macroeconomic conditions than others.This can be true when macroeconomic conditions (e. g. , foreign exchange rates, interest rates, and taxes) are weak and deteriorating as well as when they are strong and improving. Or this can also be true when such conditions are stable versus volatile. Those differences in industry characteristics, in company policies, in management performance, and in responsiveness to the macroeconomic environment are reflected in the financial statements published by publicly held companies. Furthermore, they can be highlighted through the use of financial ratios.Exhibit 1 presents balance sheets, in percentage form, and This case was prepared by Professor Mark E. Haskins, Darden Graduate School of Business Administration, and has benefited from collaborations with various colleagues over the years on earlier versions. It was written as a basis for discussion rather than to illustrate effective or ineffective handling of an administrative situation. Copyright ? 2012 by the University of Virginia Darden School Foundation, Charlottesville, VA. All rights reserved.To order copies, send an e-mail to [email  protected] com. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, used in a spreadsheet, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without the permission of the Darden School Foundation. ? -2- UVA-C-2332 selected financial ratios computed from fiscal year 2011 balance sheets and income statements for 13 companies from the following industries: ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? irline railroad pharmaceuticals commercial banking photographic equipment, printing, and sales discount general-merchandise retail electric utility fast-food restaurant chain wholesale food distribution supermarket (grocery) chain Internet retailing advertising agency services computer software development Study the balance sheet profiles and the financial ratios listed for each of the 13 companies as presented in Exhibit 1. 1 Your assignment is to use your intuition, common sense, and basic understanding of the unique attributes of each industry listed above to match each column in the exhibit with one of the indus tries.Be prepared to give the reasons for your pairings, citing the data that seems to be consistent with the characteristics of the industry you selected. Ours is not a perfect world, however, and for our class discussion, it will be helpful if you will also identify those pieces of data that seem to contradict the pairings you have made. Please note that using the data available here, you will find it difficult to identify those companies whose financial results differ because of management policy and competence.Please note in Exhibit 1: OCI = Other Comprehensive Income, CFFO = Cash Flow From Operations, ST = Short Term, and LT = Long Term. 1 -3The ratios in Exhibit 1 are based on the following formulas: 1. ROS (return on sales) = Net income Net sales Net sales Average total assets Net income Average total assets ROS ? Asset turnover Average total assets Average total owners’ equity Net income Average total owners’ equity ROA ? Financial leverage Total current assets Total current liabilities Cost of goods sold Average ending inventory Average accounts receivable Net sales/365 days UVA-C-2332 . Asset turnover = 3. ROA (return on assets) or = = 4. Financial leverage = 5. ROE (return on equity) or = = 6. Current ratio = 7. Inventory turnover = 8. Receivables collection = 9. Revenue growth = This year’s net sales—Last year’s net sales Last year’s net sales Net sales—Cost of goods sold Net sales Cash dividends Net income Research and development expense Net sales 10. Gross margin = 11. Dividend payout 12. R&D ratio = = -4Exhibit 1 RATIOS TE ELL A STORY Y—2011 Selected Financ Data for 13 C S cial Companies (b balance sheet amou are percentage of total assets) unts UVA-C-2332 V

Learning to Read Malcolm X

In the book â€Å"Learning to Read,† Malcolm X describes his â€Å"homemade Education. † He started his homemade education because his ability to read and write was hampered, which frustrated him. He educated himself with a dictionary and began painstakingly copying every entry. He began remembering the words and what they meant. Over a period of time he finished copying out the whole dictionary. Malcolm regarded the dictionary as a miniature encyclopedia. As his word base broadened, he found that he could understand what he read.Malcolm read every free moment he had and he would stay up long nights reading until 3 or 4 in the morning. As Malcolm continued to read he gained an extensive interest in History books. He was astounded at the knowledge he obtained about the history of black civilizations throughout the world. However, his reading was not limited to history because he also read about genetics, philosophy, and religion. Malcolm possessed the ability to teach hi mself the English language when one knows how complex it is.His relentless efforts not only bettered his intelligence but also his education on topics such as history, genetics and philosophy. In â€Å"Learning to read†, the tone of Malcolm X’s voice is proud. Malcolm started on the streets as a hustler but later taught himself how to read in which he educated himself on the history of black civilization. With all of the knowledge Malcolm gained from reading, he is proud to have proved Arnold Toynbee wrong. Toynbee stated that Africa was the only continent to produce no history. Malcolm however, states Africa did posses history; it simply was not recorded. In 1857, some of the desperate people from India finally mutinied- and expecting the African Slave trade, nowhere in history recorded anymore unnecessary bestial and ruthless human carnage than the British suppression of the non-white Indian people. † Finally, Malcolm uses his education to boast and dignify his life. He flies around the world to speak to people of his success and it boosts his ego substantially when people think he has gone to school well past 8th grade. It is truly remarkable to teach oneself the English language and Malcolm X is extremely proud of his accomplishments.

Career profile research assignment

Career profile research assignment I chose to be a social worker. I chose this job because, in social work, every day is completely different.You may try and plan exactly what you want but you can bet that there will be many unexpected challenges to deal with each week. Social work constantly keeps you on your toes. It’s not a regular job because at any point during the day, you may receive a phone call that requires you to drop everything and go to the scene of a emergency. You visit homes, schools, hospitals and community centers. Being a social worker means engaging with the community and this cant be done from behind a desk. This job would be a good fit for me because I’m very interested in it and what they do help our community. I have a strong passion for this because just hearing about global issues and the struggles some people go through just makes me want to help them and try and find ways to make their lives better. Social work officially originated in the 19th century as a movement primarily experienced within the United States and United Kingdom. After the collapse of feudalism, people in poverty were seen as a direct threat to the social order, so the government formed something called Poor Law and created a system to provide care to them. As the Industrial Revolution sparked great leaps in technological and scientific advancements, the migrations to urban areas throughout the western world led to increased social problems and social activism. During this time, rescue societies ( later known as social workers), were to provide support to resolve the problems of poverty, disease, prostitution, mental illness, and other issues. Social workers identify people and communities in need of help such as veterans, the elderly, the mentally ill, and abused children They assess the needs, situations, strengths, and support networks of various individuals to find solutions to their problems Social worker s help clients adjust to changes and challenges in their lives, such as illness, adoption, substance abuse, grief, divorce, or unemployment. Social workers respond to crisis situations such as mass shootings, disasters, child abuse, and mental health emergencies. They follow up with clients to ensure their situations have improved. Social workers help individuals, families, and groups manage difficult and stressful situations. A group of social workers often meet to have a â€Å"case consultation† regarding a child in care. Social workers meet with clients and others involved in a case to assess the situation and select a plan of action. Staying on top of new policies and laws is important, social workers meet together and with other colleagues to discuss updated government policies and review reports. Social workers often have to hear and observe sensitive material and situations. Making visits and phone calls to foster homes, parents, the police, and other agencies is commo n for social workers. It is important that social workers keep accurate records and detailed notes about each case. Filing these documents is all in a day’s work. Some disadvantages of being a social worker are investing your feelings in a case/client could have you feel emotionally dead, this happens if you find it difficult to separate your personal life from your job. Social workers are not one of the top-earning careers, you have to really, really do it for the love of it, it is a secure income but many social workers live an average financial life. With all the paperwork and difficult cases, many social workers are overworked. Combined with low pay, that’s a very big con for this job. Some advantages are social workers can choose among a variety of specializations, such as child and family, schools, health care, mental health and substance abuse. They select among employers, including hospitals, nursing homes, clinics, the military, mental health clinics and substance abuse clinics. Social workers help people cope with mental or physical illness, unemployment, divorce, poverty, addiction, abuse, and discrimination, according to the National Association of Social Workers. Sample tasks including helping clients get access to support groups, healthcare and government assistance, such as Medicare and food stamps. Most social workers get a full-time income, but their wages vary with the specialty and type of employer. The number of jobs for all social workers will grow by an average of 25 percent between 2010 and 2020, faster than for most jobs. Some possible issues that come along with this job are some social workers tend to mix their personal life with their job. The average salary for a Social Worker is C$49,949 per year in Canada. Some locations of where social workers usually are and their employer include government departments, school boards, mental health clinics, and community health and social service agencies They also work in offices, but travel to meet with clients and attend meetings. Usually, on a regular week, they work 40 hours, sometimes including evenings and weekends. Social work license requirements vary on where you live. Most places require the licensure exam and follow up social work license verification. Also requires a criminal background check during the application process. The Social Service Worker Certificate program is designed if you want to acquire the knowledge and skills necessary to enter the field of social services or to upgrade your current position in the social work field. This program offers courses in social work theory and practice, counseling skills, lifespan development, social services and social science. Through a combination of online theory courses, you learn about situations to prepare yourself for possible experience’s throughout your career. Algoma University , Carleton University, Lakehead University, Laurentian University – School of Social Work, Laurentian University – School of Indigenous Relations, McMaster University , Ryerson University , University of Ottawa, University of Toronto, Univ ersity of Waterloo, University of Western Ontario – King’s College, University of Windsor, Wilfrid Laurier ,University and York University are all universities in just Ontario that have a social work program available. Empathy, mentoring, inclination and ability, interpersonal skills, self-direction, initiative, flexibility, and adaptability are all skills valued by employers. The work that social workers do is hard because you interact with so much pain and sadness. Whatever field the social worker is in, they end up connecting with a lot of difficult experiences. Also, some kids may not want to open up to a social worker, or anyone for that matter, about their problems. This is a huge issue because some social workers don’t open up a good environment or they don’t present themselves as caring and ready to help . This is rare, but still a problem. As a secondary student, I can prepare myself by taking courses that will help me get into certain University programs and what they look for. Also when looking at programs, I can make sure the courses that are being looked at, have high grades. Participating in school activities help me for the future, it looks good on a resume and also it gives you experience. In conclusion, after researching about this career, I have decided to continue on this path because social work allows you to go after a passion for social justice. If you feel like helping people or you start to see those who have not been born with the privilege that others have from a different point of view, becoming a social worker is one of the most effective ways of doing something to help. Working with all kinds of people who struggle for rights and resources, from the poor and homeless to immigrants to the LGBT community, social workers speak and have a voice for those who can’t make decisions, or aren’t prepared financially or children who’ve had a rough life. Social work is honestly just putting people who have been through a lot more than you, above your issues and helping out in your community and the feeling that YOU helped have a positive impact on someones life is probably the most amazing feeling in the world. I want to do this so I can wake up a nd think â€Å" Today I’m gonna save someones life† or â€Å" Today I am going to help someone through their tough times.† Everyone has problems in their life, but putting others in front of yourself doesn’t just show that you care, but it also shows that want to see others happy.Average monthly caseload of a case manager- about 1-49 cases come in each month.This graph shows the percentage of Glasglow’s child population supported by social workers.

Science-molecules and the mind Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Science-molecules and the mind - Essay Example Ethylenediamine Tetraacetic acid (EDTA) is a well-known sequestering agent with the capacity to chelate almost every positive ion in the periodic table. The EDTA molecule can bind to metal ions by forming six bonds (and six rings) to it - two from nitrogen atoms in amino groups and four from oxygen atoms in carboxyl groups. As the number of ring enclosures is very large (six) the formed chelate is very stable. Obviously, it is the most widely used chelating molecule. Answer: Metals contaminate the food by finding their way from the soil and from machinery during harvesting and processing. Metals such as copper, iron and nickel degrade the quality of food stuffs by catalyzing the oxidation of the fats and oils in the food. Due to this oxidation, the oil becomes rancid. Rancid oils are a major source of free radicals in our diet which can cause cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer's and other diseases associated with them. Hence the metal ions in oil-based foods can cause severe health problems and it is important to remove them from oil-based foods. Sequestering agents can be used to remove these metal ions from oils. EDTA is commonly added to fatty, oily foods as an antioxidant that prevents metal ions that have entered from metallic food-processing equipment. Answer: Washing the oily spot with plain water is di

How might a seaside resort in 1870 be expected to differ from the same Essay

How might a seaside resort in 1870 be expected to differ from the same resort in 1930 What accounts for the changes - Essay Example People began to filter into the cities to find work and thus seashore towns were developed. Many of the first settlers along the seashore began to open up boarding houses and hotels. The wealthy stayed in hotels and the less wealthy people used the boarding houses. The first boarding houses rented for a fee of $8 – 12 a week for room and board and often included meals and a wagon ride through the cornfields to the beach. As an example, Point Pleasant Beach, New Jersey developed in the 1870s as a destination for visitors through Captain John Arnold. He retired from a sea career and bought land in Point Pleasant Beach. He built a railroad to the ocean, which is now known as Arnold Avenue. As in other seashore towns, the railroad was the most influential factor in development and tourism of seashore towns. The 1870s were an era of major tourism expansion brought on by developers who bought and subdivided old farms for vacation home lots. In 1877 The Point Pleasant Land Company bo ught a 250 acres farm and began selling lots. To attract buyers, a Resort House was built and began a horse-drawn trolley service for tourists. The Resort House was a four-story hotel type structure that housed 200 guests, and was the largest building in town. The resort featured shaded oak and locust trees, a manicured lawn and a clear view of the beachfront dunes. The inside included a ballroom and bowling alley, which was very upscale for that time. Several other hotels and boarding houses were built similar before the turn-of-the-century. Some of the hotels advertised access to New York and Philadelphia trains, trolley lines, water works, electric lights plants and no mosquitoes. Many of these hotels burned to the ground due to being wood structures and others lost business due to changing tastes in lodging. The first beachfront pavilion was constructed in 1880, and ten years later the first boardwalk was built. The first boardwalk was very flimsy and washed away within two year s. During the Victorian period rapid growth in population began in the seaside resorts. The railways made if possible for visitors to travel to the seashore, and it became much more affordable. The seashore had a nostalgic draw to people as a focal vacation point. A seaside holiday was considered very charming at that time. Again, only a few ordinary people owned cars or telephones until the 1950s. Even when televisions became available, they were very expensive for the average family. The working class worked hard all week in factories, offices, shops and mines and very rarely had the opportunity to travel. However, it became popular to set aside a time during the year to take a seaside holiday. This was popular both in England and the Americas. Traveling to the seaside became popular when it was decided that the sea and bathing in the sea was good for your health. Dr. Richard Russell advocated the use of seawater in bathing and in drinking to treat many early illnesses, in the lat e 1700s. So it became fashionable for the rich especially to visit the seashore. For people of England a railway trip to the seaside and a week or two-holiday stay at a resort was the highlight of the year. The popularity of holiday seaside trips grew until it became popular to take trips abroad to experience different lifestyles. This became very popular with the wealthy, as the ordinary person could not afford such luxuries. Just as the industrial revolution helped build the

Will be doing a video essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Will be doing a video - Essay Example Being such, I would know which area of study I should work harder to become better in my practice. This pursuit of becoming better as a nurse by pursuing a Master’s Degree does not only improves the prospect of my career in the long run but also makes me a more effective, compassionate nurse and in a way, an instrument that improve and make people’s lives better. This is consistent with Georgetown University’s mission of â€Å"promoting health and well-being for all people, with its emphasis on preparing students to be morally reflective health care leaders and scholars† which to my understanding is to genuinely care for people’s health and well-being as well improving myself as a nurse. I anticipate that the academic environment at Georgetown University will be rigorous considering that it is one of the best universities in the world in the field of nursing. This however for my own good because those rigorous training will make me a better

Doing business with north Americans Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Doing business with north Americans - Essay Example As a result, the major economic activities in Northern America can be traced back to the historical origins of most inhabitants of this continent. The North American region, which consists of countries such as United States and Canada, opened doors to civilization through diversity brought by the various cultural groups that immigrated into the area. Since then diversification and economic growth has been evident even in the modern day through institutions and trade agreements such as the North America Free trade agreement. Nevertheless, development in North America is gradually being hampered by disparities between North and South America (Moran et al, 514). With regard to Canada, Prior to the arrival of the Europeans, Native Americans who inhabited the region had thrived through their culture since they owned the land. However, most of them currently live below the poverty level since they have lost most of the property to the late inhabitants and the governments in the region (Moran et al, 520). As a result, the government in Canada has been increasing its efforts compensate the affected Native Americans. Moreover, the Priv ate sector has increased its efforts over the years to enhance business with Native Americans in Canada. This has involved enlightening the Native Americans on modern business practices and while allowing them to hold on to their tradition (Moran et al, 520). On the other hand, another business perspective with regard to North America can be based on the United States. United States is centrally located in North America â€Å"south of Canada and North of Mexico† (Moran et al 526). Unlike Canada, the terrain and climate in United States varies significantly among regions. However, the historical influx of inhabitants in America is similar to that of Canada that in this case contributes to the diversity in

Sustainable Tourism in the Galapagos Islands Essay

Sustainable Tourism in the Galapagos Islands - Essay Example I had no idea that sustainable tourism would really amount to such a profound and important topic. So much has been made of global warming and the melting of the polar ice caps, ozone layer pollution and the ozone hole over the Antarctic, the depletion of the rain forests, and many other cases of abuse to our environment because of the emission of harmful greenhouse gases, irresponsible logging, and other acts that we know are wrong but do anyway. Not so much has been said about sustainable tourism. But tourism isn’t an act that is wrong in itself, especially if one takes nothing but pictures and leaves nothing but memories. It never occurred to me that there was such a place as the Galapagos Islands where the very presence of throngs of people is in itself destructive. Acts so innocent as walking off the beaten path, or drinking water and eating fish, if done by enough people at the same time and with great frequency, already compromises the sustainability of the place. This is because off-path grounds may be the site of rare plants or the nesting or feeding place of unique species of rare animals, and mass consumption of drinking water and fish compels added importation of drinking water – more chances for the transfer of pollutants – and encourages overfishing that may reduce aquatic life to unsustainable levels. For me, the Galapagos in many ways is a miniature version of our planet earth. The species existing in it could not survive anywhere else; so, too, could we not survive outside our planet, at least as far as we know now. Any species lost in the Galapagos is lost forever, such as in our planet; thus, we need to preserve the Islands, just as we need to preserve the planet, enough to sustain life.

Culture and Leadership in Microsoft Research Paper

Culture and Leadership in Microsoft - Research Paper Example Culture and leadership are the two main and basic features of the organizations involved in any kind of business or service provision. These elements enable a company to flourish and achieve its aims and objectives in a much clearer way than those workplaces which lack proper formulation and translation of the values and norms. When we see the success stories of the leading, global firms around us, it gives a good realization of the fact that a good leadership and a sophisticated organizational culture form a good organization. This paper discusses the concept of organizational culture and leadership in a detailed context. It also gives a comprehensive overview of these concepts with reference to Microsoft. Organizational Culture The concept of organizational culture plays an important role in the life and functioning of any organization. Defining the term in its specific context, the culture of an organization pertains to an idea referring to the aspect of organizational studies and management which explains the attitudes, experiences, psychology, beliefs and values related to an organization. According to many management experts the concept of organizational culture is described as the explicit compilation of norms and values which are commonly shared by groups and people in an organization. These values, beliefs and norms also influence the way the people in an organization communicate and network with one another and with the external parties and stakeholders outside the organization. To extend it further, these ideas and beliefs explain the nature of goals that the members in an organization normally follow. The culture also translates the suitable standards of behaviors, attitudes and the environment w hich are used by the members of the organization. Leadership Leadership is one of the main elements of the organizational management. According to many management experts and gurus, the term is described as the process of influencing the society and the workforce in which one member acts as the leaders and lists the support and assistance for other people and the subordinate in order to achieve the completion of a tasks which is being worked on as a mutual goal. The act of leading refers to the creation of a way through which the people in an organization put in their efforts and contributions in order to contribute something unusual to happen. Talking specifically about the implementation and influence if leadership in the organization, the effectiveness of this act pertains to the capability of the /leader to execute a successful maximization and instability to successfully integrate and maximize available resources within the internal and external environment for the attainment o f organizational or societal goals 1 Microsoft Microsoft Corporation is the leading organization in the field of the provision of computer hardware and software products. The company is a public multinational based in America and is headquartered in Redmond, Washington, USA. The company is basically involved in the development, manufacturing, licensing and supporting a diverse variety of services and products which are chiefly connected to the computer-related technology thorough the divisions of many of its product divisions2. The history of Microsoft Corporation briefly dates back to April 4, 1975 and this was the time when BASIC interpreters was developed and sold to Altair 8800. The company also rose to control the computer operating system in the home market in mid-1980s with MS-DOS, which was later followed by the introduction of the modern Microsoft Windows line of operating systems. The Microsoft Corpora

Lecture 5 Summary Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Lecture 5 Summary - Assignment Example Communists had already exerted their rule over other countries in the past year that is why Hitler feared that Germany could be taken over especially during the Great depression. Hitler believed that foe Germany to become a super power; they needed to expand their borders into other countries. They concentrated mostly on the East for expansion. Hitler also wanted to overturn a peace treaty that ended the First World War. Hitler concentrated on Germany to become a superpower. Hitler felt that he was good enough to focus on his foreign policy in 1934. Hitler and his army moved to western Germany in 1936. It was hard to overthrow Hitler because his army was faithful to him and he had contributed to Germany’s economic growth. His subjects believed that he was the best leader to bring Germany to the status that it required. Germany formed an alliance with Italy because both were unhappy with the results of World War 1. They wanted to come up with a new world order to oppose the existing international order. Hitler wished to make a strong Germany state in central Europe to combine Austria to the south and Germany to the north. Hitler was a great winner in the theme of foreign policy that was applied in 1930s. Germany invaded other countries like Czech Slovakia that did not have Germans. Hitler’s foreign policy and inversion to other countries led to World War

The Meaning Of Family To The South Asian (Indian) Male Essay Example for Free

The Meaning Of Family To The South Asian (Indian) Male Essay The family is traditionally the core of all Asian societies. Decisions are often carried out while taking into consideration the immediate family, as well as the external family. But in the context of Asian society, the family â€Å"is not a particularly loving social unit.†[1] In most Asian societies, the family is used as a means of safeguarding property, continuing bloodlines and acquiring more wealth.[2] Indian society is one such example wherein this reality exists. Sons are granted preferential treatment over their sisters, because the former is expected to run the family business and continue the family name. In addition, customs such as the dowry system provide instant fortune to a groom’s family. The Indian male, therefore, views the family as a venue wherein he can exercise control and obtain material prosperity. This belief is not without cultural reinforcements. Friends and relatives exclaim congratulations whenever a baby boy is born to Indian parents. In Indian society, a son is regarded as insurance[3] – he will inherit his father’s property and will help support the family by getting a job. In sharp contrast, daughters are seen as additional expenses[4] – their only place is in the home. The bias against daughters is deeply ingrained in Indian culture that people in some parts of India use the expression â€Å"The servant of your household has been born†[5] when greeting a family with a newborn daughter. In the Indian family, the father is the provider and the dominant authority figure. He must treat his wife like a servant and be stern and aloof towards his children. The wife, on the other hand, must be loyal, obedient and subservient to her husband. She is supposed to tend to his needs like a faithful and devoted servant. Such a rigid and hierarchical family structure often leaves wives feeling neglected and abused. To get rid of these sentiments, they lavish all their attention to their sons.[6] In doing so, they become the provider and the dominant authority figures in their respective families.[7] The Indian mother gives her baby, especially if it is a boy, constant nurturing. The baby is constantly handled, overindulged and is responded to at every whimper. Growing up, male Indian children are made to believe that they deserve to be the center of attention simply because of their gender. Their mothers exempt them from chores, as the former regards housework as a girl’s job. Upon reaching adolescence, male Indians are encouraged to prove their masculinity by drinking, smoking, gambling and having sex with prostitutes. This societal expectation is not without support from the family – there are cases when fathers and uncles are the ones who bring their sons and nephews to the brothel for their first sexual experience. Because of its overemphasis on indulging sons, the aforementioned child-rearing technique produces very irresponsible males. Pampered from infancy, most Indian men end up as wastrels, misusing the resources first of their mothers and later of their wives. Worse, they marry women who were raised to tolerate the capriciousness of their husbands. The conjugal family, as a result, is transformed into an extension of the husband’s immediate family. The wife, meanwhile, becomes the husband’s replacement for his mother – a woman who will cater to his every whim and will overlook even his most serious transgressions The wife has no choice but to accept and live with this situation – society dictates that she shifts her loyalty to her conjugal family upon marriage. Not only is she to take care of her husband; she is also to look after her parents-in-law. Indian parents-in-law, especially mothers-in-law, take advantage of this societal obligation by ensuring that the marriage of their sons will provide their family with material benefits. The dowry system is one way of achieving this goal. Although it was already outlawed in India in 1961, the practice of paying and accepting dowry is still customary in the country. India’s illegal dowry system leaves women vulnerable to abuse and even murder. Every year, an estimated 25,000 women[8] in the country are maimed or killed over dowry disputes. Dowry-related crimes are often perpetuated by grooms and mothers-in-law who are not satisfied with the dowries that the bride’s family gave them. Victims of dowry murders are usually killed by being doused with kerosene and set aflame with a lighted match. The family of the groom will then say that the death was a â€Å"suicide† or a â€Å"kitchen accident.† Police are oftentimes bribed into corroborating the claim. Families who are able to afford very expensive dowries, on the other hand, are often left impoverished and with extremely heavy debts. In pre-colonial India, upper-caste families observed the dowry system in order to help defray marriage expenses and to enable the bride to live on her own should she leave an abusive marriage.[9] But the British introduced homogenized and codified laws into the country, resulting in male domination of the local economy.[10] Only men were allowed to own land and work outside the home. In the process, boys gained higher social worth than girls. These social, political and economic conditions led to the transformation of the dowry system from a wedding gift to a form of payment[11] to a man for marrying a woman. Because Indian women were no longer capable of owning land or working outside the home, parents wanted to do away with their daughters as early as possible. As a result, they lured potential husbands with expensive dowries. The families of these men, on the other hand, viewed the dowry system as an opportunity to pay off heavy land taxes that the British imposed on them.[12] Dowries took on a new form in the 20th century. During this period, families of prospective grooms demanded costly dowries in order to keep up with the consumerist lifestyle associated with capitalism.[13] To convince families of potential brides into paying, Indian men, particularly those from the upper classes, capitalize on their eligibility, social prowess and caste.[14] The higher the qualifications and the caste, the higher the dowry required. Indian families regard marriage to a higher caste as the fastest way to social advancement.[15]

Canadas Changing Demographics and the Work Force Essay Example for Free

Canadas Changing Demographics and the Work Force Essay What has happened to Canada’s demographics over the past 50 years? Over the past fifty years, Canada’s demographics have been fluctuating significantly in terms of age and sex structure. During the mid-twentieth century, the population distribution pyramid was owned by the younger people and youth while the aged were not as highly populated. Now, the pyramid does not even resemble a pyramid; an increase in life expectancy, and a drop in fertility rates may account for such a drastic and effective transformation, and this sudden drop on the charts represents the large cohorts of the baby boomers, who are now beginning to play, perhaps even a slightly harmful, role in the economic workforce. In terms of statistics, these changes represent well the aging that has taken place in Canada over the past fifty years. Between 1956 and 2006, the median age of the Canadian population went from 27. to 38. 8 years, an increase of more than 10 years over a span of fifty years. By 2056, the median age is expected to reach 46. 9 years, or 20 years more than it was in 1956. In terms of demographics in the work force, during the third quarter of the twentieth century, there were almost 8 adults between 15 and 64 years of age in Canada for each person aged 65 years or over. However, the demographic dependency ratio for seniors in 2006 was just over 5 persons aged 15 to 64 years for each person aged 65 years and over. This ratio gives an approximation of how many elderly persons there are in relation to the potential pool of workers. During the last twenty-five years, the ratio has gradually yet significantly decreased to its current level. This downward trend could also continue into the future, according to recent population projections by expert analysts. Regardless of the scenario selected, most projections show a continuation of the decline of this indicator of population aging. According to the projections, in the year 2056 there would be only 2. working-age persons for each person aged 65 years or over, an even lower ratio than we are dealing with at the present moment. The Issue of Age Discrimination Age discrimination is defined, technically, as the idea of restricting persons from getting hired, promoted, or discriminated, in a position on the basis of age. It involves adverse work treatment of an employee based on a class or category that the employee belongs to – employees over age 40 rather than on the employees individual merit. The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA) protects certain applicants and employees 40 years of age and older from discrimination on the basis of age in hiring, promotion, discharge, compensation, or terms, conditions or privileges of employment. In fact, any action that an employer takes that adversely affects a disproportionate number of employees over 40 is also age discrimination. Various different types of age discrimination do exist throughout the workforce. It would be sensible to be knowledgeable on one’s rights in terms of age discrimination to ensure that future conflicts as such are avoided. . Denying Employment: Denying ones rights on hiring and employment based on their current age (most cases involve the misjudgement of one’s capabilities due to inexperience and young age) 2. Position-Based Employment: When one is already working for a company and is denied another position, perhaps a promotion, within the company based on their current age. 3. Salary-Based Employment: While it is reasonable to assume that a person with more experience and education will apprehend a higher salary, even for doing nearly the same work as another person, there may be cases where that is not applicable. Some cases involve the act of paying more to one person while another is doing almost identical work yet is being paid less, yet one person is significantly older or younger than the other. 4. Housing-Based Solutions: This type of age discrimination is different than others, simply because it is not related to employment. Some communities specifically cater to older adults, but this is an exemption to housing discrimination allowed under the Housing for Older Persons Act (HOPA). This is true in many retirement communities, for example, for which often do not allow those younger than age 55 years to own property or live there. Current myths regarding the older work force employees There do exist, however, many myths about the capabilities of older workers in the field and how efficient they would be if they were to continue working in the workforce as they age. One circulating myth is that older people cannot or will not learn new material as efficiently as younger people, which is the most prominent one of the rest. A few others include the idea that older people are not flexible or adaptable to the work environment, that older people are less productive, and that older workers are more expensive than younger workers. There has been great debate on both sides of these theories, given that although people do accept that older people should not be discriminated against and limited in terms of the workforce, there do still exist aspects in their work habits and the resources needed to provide for them in the workplace which are less ideal than if younger people were to be hired instead. Some issues that may have to be dealt with throughout the workplace with elder people include more health protection, more resources to provide for them, and perhaps even more training to ensure that they are not slow in apprehending the skills necessary for the post (all of these factors also relate back to idea of more expenses in general). Labour shortage in Canada Figure 1. Statistics on the recent study on Canadian labour shortage by province Figure 1. Statistics on the recent study on Canadian labour shortage by province Finally, the case for job shortages in Canada became thinner recently with the most recent data showing vacancies actually fell to 200,000 at the start of the year, meaning there were 6. 5 unemployed workers chasing each opening. The fresh data is just the latest indicator that seems to undercut government and business arguments that Canada is facing a serious skills and labour shortage. Furthermore, given the fact that older citizens are beginning to retire from their positions, there is an increased risk of labour shortages beginning to emerge. Parts of the economy such as the food and restaurant, oil, and public services industries are beginning to face such issues, and this area of conflict may even continue to grow over the decades, perhaps even spread and expand to more parts of the economy. In terms of action against this issue however, steps have already been put into effect by different organizations and the Canadian government. Progress has been made to reduce barriers to work by providing tax incentives for working Canadians and by modifying Employment Insurance and Guaranteed Income Supplement programs to remove penalties for working people. Canadian Prime Minister, Steven Harper, responded that â€Å"there are certain cases in Canada where there are absolute shortages of workers† and that he will â€Å"ensure the programs put in effect are reformed so they may not be misused in any way. The government has already begun to take action to further reduce barriers to work for Canadians, given that Canada’s labour shortage is not only a skills shortage, but a person-shortage that will have an increasingly negative affect on the economic growth and prosperity of all Canadians. The diminishing young worker to retired elder-ratio should be a clear indication that a conflict is, and will be prominent throughout the next couple years or decades in Canada’s economy, and that action must be tak en as efficiently as possible to avoid a serious problem for both our current and future generations.

Beliefs Or Knowledge That Is Independent Of Culture

Beliefs Or Knowledge That Is Independent Of Culture The prescribed topic assumes that knowledge and beliefs are linked to culture .so what is knowledge?, what are beliefs?, what is culture?.Belief is defined as a principle or idea considered to be true (Websters dictionary, 2004) .By this definition the meaning that I got was belief is a conviction or an opinion without caring whether there is proof or not. So what is knowledge? Knowledge is what one knows, the body of facts accumulated over a period of time (Websters dictionary,2004). What is culture? Culture is appreciation and understanding of the arts, skills of a given people in a given period. Another definition is culture is the customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a religious, social or racial group All this definitions led to the question as to how knowledge, belifs and culture are acquired by a person. So how do we acquire knowledge? Knowledge is usually acquired through sensory perception an example being a curios little boy will acquire the knowledge that cactus plants are not meant to be held by the naked hand after he/she touches the plant and feels the pain. Knowledge can also be acquired through logical operations and emotional reactions. This kind of knowledge is caused by biological responses to stimuli, and could be considered not to be dependent of culture an example being facial expressions which are not taught or learned but they are biologically determined. So how is culture acquired? Culture is basically instilled in us when we are born. An example being me as I was born in Kenya and grew up in an Islamic background. So my culture is Islamic and Swahili and we do have our fair share of beliefs. Buddhists consider that knowledge is acquired through direct experience. So how is this experience achieved? Well the Buddhists achieve this experience by meditation opposite to the western traditions, which gives emphasis on a clear expression of thoughts and argument. Buddhists believe that words tend to expose the truth on the other hand, the recognition of Buddhists beliefs and customs for discovering the truth shows dependence of the culture of that knowledge. So are beliefs independent of culture? I will have to say yes on this. ? I will have to say yes on this. People may so no because some beliefs such as you must always wear clothes and shoes when leaving the house well I wont classify that as a belief but a ritual. Most beliefs are usually based on religion and culture. In the case of religion I as a Muslim have many beliefs that are dependent on my religion some of them being I must pray five times a day, the consequence of missing prayer is that we will burn in hell for a very long time. I believe in this theorem although there is no proof of sort but its a belief based on our religion. Beliefs that are based on my culture which is the Swahili culture are numerous. Some make sense and some do not make sense but I have no other choice than to live by these beliefs and follow them no matter what. A belief that I have always been told by my mother and has never ever made sense to me is that we should not clip our nails at night. I dont see how it applies in a real life situation. I usually cut my nails at night and so far so good nothing has happened to me. Another belief that is based on our culture is that we are told not to borrow salt at night. I dont know why it had to be salt but still like I said they do not make any sense to me at all, and we are expected to follow this beliefs although I think they dont make sense. But we do have to follow them, But some beliefs that my culture expects me to follow are somewhat sensible and I do follow them, examples of the sensible beliefs and rituals are like we should respect our parents and follow there each and every comm and, that is a belief that makes sense and I do believe that the people that do not live by this rule are actually bad people. I know there is no evidence that if you do not respect your parents you are going to get punished by the Almighty God but its a belief and in order to believe you dont need evidence or anything. All you need is your mind on whether to decide that you are going to believe in that belief or not. Another belief that I tend to differ with and is totally and purely based on culture is gender equality. I did some asking around and I found out in most of Kenyan tribes as well the Swahili culture tend to believe that men are more superior to women. They claim that man was created first so making them more superior and all that the women in our cultures should do is stay at home and prepare meals and clean the house while men are the bread winners. This is not such a wise belief, men and women are both humans so why should one kind be more superior than the other?, they were all created by the same creator!. With all this said I thing that all of my beliefs are independent of my culture. Some other people like the westerners who have no culture or dont know anything about their culture also have beliefs like the men should take care of their children and women, that is a belief that is common to all cultures in the world and also to those who dont have cultures so on an Americans p oint of view not all of their beliefs are based on the culture because the clearly have or dont know their culture. Community education (sociology), is dependent on the cultural expression of human knowledge that has been repeated again and again. Alfred webwruses was studying in the sociology of culture and he came up with the term kultursoziologe which mean cultural sociology which is a specific branch on sociology which is entirely dependent on culture. Culture is a very significant concept found in many branches of sociology, social stratification in the fields of scientific and social network analysis. Is knowledge based on culture? Well I will have to answer no on this query, knowledge is not entirely independent of culture. People may argue that knowledge such as traditional medicines, herbs are based on culture and some of those herbs that the traditional men used to use are used now by the scientists to make the medicine we consume today and they end up saving lives. History, its the study of past events and the effect on present life. Some of the knowledge in history is independent on culture a good example being the creation theory which one of the three possible theories of the origin of the world is based on culture and religion. In Swahili culture , the Elders have told us to believe in the creation theory and that it is God who created the world in six days and life starts on the seventh day. Knowledge such as this is independent of culture and. I gained this knowledge just by interacting with the elders of the family and they told me all sorts of stories Knowledge such as mathematics in example has no connection whatsoever with culture and such knowledge is not dependent of culture even one bit. Mathematics is purely about numbers and in my case the Swahili culture the elders who are supposed to be the wisest of humans dont even know simple math like one plus one. So are our beliefs and knowledge independent of culture? To some extent YES! Why am I saying yes? Its simply because most beliefs are based on culture and example being me, most of my beliefs are based on my culture although I do have beliefs outside my culture like if I drink plenty water at one go It may react with my body forcing me to throw up so its my belief that we should not drink much water and slowly as well. Knowledge also is somewhat dependent on culture and an example being the community sociology which is a whole branch in sociology that focuses on just culture. I then come up with the answer that both beliefs and knowledge are dependent of culture

News Media, Money and Infotainment Essay -- Television Media TV Essays

News Media, Money and Infotainment In the past few years the media has grown into more than just the facts. The goal of the media is not just to inform us but to entertain. This new media style is known as "Infotainment". The media's goals are ratings based. They use shows like Jerry Springer, Entertainment Tonight, and Hard Copy to bring in these ratings. The media of today has grown into a profit-based industry that tries to entertain us with the news and with tabloid television shows. In the late 1980s and early 1990s the three big television stations, of ABC, CBS, and NBC, changed to provide more infotainment. Networks lost ratings to the heavy competition of cable and home video. The diminishing audience caused the big three to just break even or make a tiny profit. This led to the news having topics such as issues in the entertainment world and art related stories produce a rating increase. The industry was no longer news based. Their goal over those few years had changed from reporting the news into shows that report what bring in a profit. What brought in the biggest audience was what was shown on the networks. When the rating for these shows were being taken there was an increase in the reporting of sex and violence to increase the viewers. This in tern increased the ratings (Cook 4-5). The new form of news was shaped based on how to bring in the biggest audience and make the most money whatever the cost. This new form of infotainment led to the development of Tabloid television shows. These shows, also known as "Trash TV", have more entertainment than news. Thought there is a difference between good and bad trash. With shows like Sally Jesse Raphael, Geraldo Rivera, and Jerry Springer that in many cases exploi... ...ed media world is set up to be infotaining. These shows attracting viewers with tabloid shows and putting more entertaining information in the news. The networks are trying to make the biggest profit possible and with shows that exploit people they seem to be doing it. It doesn't mater who it hurts or what the consequences are. It's no longer just reporting the news, but reporting what will bring in the biggest profit. WORKS CITED Cook, Philip S., Douglass Gomery, and Lawrence W. Lichty, ed. The Future of News. Washington: The Woodrow Wilson Center Press, 1992. Olster, Marjorie. "Raunchy radio host Stern to get late-night TV show." Infobeat. Online. Electronic Text Center. Internet. 31 Mar. 1998. Available http://www.infobeat.com/stories/cgi/story.cgi?id=2553562895-d94 Talked To Death. Videocassette. Home Box Office. Parco Productions, Inc., 1996. VHS. 60min

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder as a Metaphor in Mrs. Dalloway, By Virgi

When WWI was over, many people questioned the brutality that carried on over the four years that the war was happening. The Europeans trust in authority and in their country began to collapse, and Modernism was a way they could respond to the damage of those beliefs. It was obvious that the old world was gone and a new one had started to arise. In this new world, while other aspects of Europe were advancing, improvement in the psychiatric treatment of mental conditions, for example shell-shock, fell short. Most of British society remained unaware and uninterested in the problems that these illnesses forced on the veterans. This insensitive attitude toward the soldiers inspired Virginia Woolf to write Mrs. Dalloway. In this novel she shows us society’s attitude towards mental illness by featuring a post war veteran named Septimus Smith. The author uses Septimus’s struggles with post traumatic stress disorder as a symbol to illustrate the problems of a modern society tha t doesn’t understand how deeply the damage of World War One has affected people. An example of the difference between Septimus and the modern world as a whole is when the airplane flies above the people in the city as it spells out the word toffee. Most of the people watching were amazed by this new technology. â€Å"‘Glaxo,’ said Mrs. Coates in a strained, awestricken voice†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Kreemo,’ murmured Mrs. Bletchley, like a sleepwalker†¦as they looked the whole world because perfectly still†¦(and the car went in the gates and nobody looked at it)† (20-21). The people were so enthralled with the plane; they didn’t even care about the royal car coming in to the palace. Septimus on the other hand is completely lost in his own thoughts and interprets the plane differently. â€Å"So, t... ...g to grasp the legitimacy and severity of the disease. From this unfortunate reality emerged a Modernist novel in which Virginia Woolf sets out to juxtapose the ‘sane’ and the ‘insane’ in an attempt to express her disgust of society’s lack of sympathy and blindness towards those who suffer with mental illness. Work Cited Berman, Jeffrey. Surviving Literary Suicide. Amherst: University of Massachusetts, 1999. Print. Korte, Barbara, and Ralf Schneider. War and the Cultural Construction of Identities in Britain. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2002. Print. Levenback, Karen L. Virginia Woolf and the Great War. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse UP, 1999. Print. Ronchetti, Ann. The Artist, Society, and Sexuality in Virginia Woolf's Novels. New York: Routledge, 2004. Print. Woolf, Virginia. Mrs. Dalloway. San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1981. Print.

Big Brother is Watching :: Essays Papers

Big Brother is Watching Privacy in the Information Age. Have you sat down to eat dinner, just as you put that first bite into your mouth the phone rings. You know better than to answer it, but you do any way. To your dismay you find out that you were right Tele-marketers? As you hang up you wonder how did they get my number? How do they know what are your interests, likes, dislikes? You hand the cashier a plastic card with a magnetic strip which contains your name and address. All of your purchases are recorded and a few days later you receive discount coupons for a new product you might like in the mail. You think that targeted marketing in the information age really works! A woman feels she may be expecting, she goes to the pharmacy to purchase a home pregnancy test. Without thinking, she hands her â€Å"bonus card† to the cashier and a few days later she receives mail from baby product manufactures. She is thinking that she is living in an information age nightmare. Information technology, and particularly the internet and the World Wide Web, can provide benefits that were only dreamed of a decade ago. These new opportunities, however, raise questions about potential threats to personal privacy that are just now starting to be understood. Consumers, for example, like â€Å"one on one marketing† at Miscellaneous Web sites which allows them to browse various selections recommended based on previous purchases and their personal profile. They are much less sure about the site’s developing real time profiles of users based on demographics or psychographics. Similarly, workaholics are attracted to internet dating services that promise to find high achievers their ideal mate; They gladly spend thirty minutes completing the extensive introductory questionnaire. They are less thrilled when they later find that â€Å"E-Mate† has been acquired by another company specifically for its extensive data base of personal information. Our concern is the privacy of personal information in a digitally networked world where personal data can be input, stored, sorted, analyzed, mined, transmitted and exchanged globally with increasing ease and decreasing cost. There is growing concern about data privacy, especially on the Net which is accompanied by marked disagreements about what can, and should be done. These differences are exacerbated by very real cross-cultural and cross-national differences in values, history and economic philosophies. Where national borders are not even speed bumps on the information superhighway.

How Fitzgerald Tell the Story in Chapter 1 of the Great Gatsby Essay

Write about some of the ways Fitzgerald tells the story in chapter 1 The chapter begins with Nick Carraway introducing himself as the narrator. Fitzgerald uses a first-person retrospective narrative, therefore we are given Nicks point of view throughout. The chapter begins with Nick remembering his father’s advice that â€Å"all people in this world haven’t had the advantages that [he’s] had† this tells the reader that the main theme of the novel is wealth. The use of the word â€Å"advantages† suggests that Nick comes from a wealthy family. Fitzgerald makes Nick claim that â€Å"I’m inclined to reserve all judgements† yet quickly contradicts this he tells â€Å"the intimate revelations of young men† are â€Å"marred by obvious suppressions†, by Fitzgerald doing this, the audience are given an opinion on Nick, realising he is likely to be an unreliable narrator. However when Nick says â€Å"I’m inclined to reserve all judgements† the reader may also feel that Nick will give a true and honest account of the events and will not be biased against any of the characters. Fitzgerald uses this chapter to set the scene of the novel. Fitzgerald makes it clear through Nick’s narration that the events within the novel have already taken place â€Å"back from the East last autumn†, the reader instantly knows that we will be given an interpretation of the events and they will all be from Nicks point of view. Nick talks about â€Å"Midas and Morgan and Maecenas† all three of these men were renowned for their wealth. Morgan and Maecenas were real men, whereas Midas’s story is a Greek myth. By mentioning both myth and reality in the first chapter Fitzgerald tells the reader that myth and reality will be mixed throughout the novel. Fitzgerald introduces most of the main characters within this chapter as part of the establishment of the text. Gatsby is the first to be introduced excluding Nick, which could suggest that Gatsby is the protagonist of the novel. Later on in the chapter we are introduced to Tom, Daisy and Jordan as Nick goes to a dinner party over at East egg. Fitzgerald has Nick use exaggerations of expressions and body language to create an impression of Tom Buchannan and the others in East egg. Fitzgerald has Nick harshly describe Tom as being â€Å"arrogant† and powerful â€Å"not even the effeminate swank of his riding clothes could hide the enormous power of that body† by using this description Fitzgerald highlights his role as a dominant male, Fitzgerald supports this by the use of direct speech from Tom â€Å"I am stronger and more of a man than you are†, this again shows that Tom believes  he is above everybody else again re-enforcing his arrogance. Fitzgerald uses oxymoron’s to describe the way in which Tom handles Nick â€Å"he turned me around again politely and abruptly† this shows that Nick as a narrator is contradicting himself hence causing the reader to question his narrat ion once again. Throughout the chapter, Nick uses adverbs such as â€Å"accusingly† and â€Å"helplessly† when referring to Daisy, allowing Fitzgerald to give the impression that she is dominated by Tom and that they are living in a patriarchal society. This contrast is displayed by Nick’s use of adverbs such as â€Å"decisively†, â€Å"restlessly† and â€Å"crossly† when retelling Tom’s speech, showing Tom’s power. During the dinner where also introduced to myrtle in a way as her phone call interrupts dinner, we also find out about how Jordan talks about her Tom and his family, â€Å"Tom’s got some woman in new York†, therefore showing she’s not a very trustworthy character. Fitzgerald also uses simile’s to add more emphasis to the point he is making â€Å"compelled me to the room as though he were moving a checker to another square†, this also shows Tom’s power. towards the end of the chapter Nick witnesses Gatsby standing at the end of his lawn, nick describes the way in which Gatsby held out his arms as â€Å"curious† this gives the reader an urge to want to read on and find out what the green light is and what significance it holds in relation to Gatsby. Fitzgerald makes Nick use the word â€Å"vanished† at the end of the chapter which give the chapter a more dramatic end.

Culture and Imperialism, a Review of Edward Said Essay

Edward Said remains unmatchable of the best selling and well cognise of the accessible and literary theorists that deal with individualism and earth in the post- colonial global trainting. This dramaturgy is saturated with work dealing with floriculture and identicalness somaation, post- new epistemic communities, and most importantly, the alliance between stage setting ( pagan, religious or sparing) relative to the instituteation of such communities. t present can be no suspicion that the reading of Saids word of honor must take place deep down the context of the American neo-conservative drive to look out over the planet in the name of a vaporous democracy, or even sluttish markets. And for this reason, it is important for the author to establish his check on the United States as a conqueror power primarily, as her earlyish history can be decrease to the settler morality. Transplants from the purple center to the empurpled hinterlands, for Said is basic ally the same as the slave societies functioning in the Carribean Islands, as his understanding of Austin sights. America is a slave power and a subjection power in that her maturation cannot be separated from the systematic pillaging of endemic traditions and lands.What makes America more than interesting is her cogency to absorb many traditions, and, from that, to create an individuation in a quite counter-intuitive sorting of way. Even further, the claim is that such an imperial power has the ability to create angiotensin-converting enzyme out of disunity of creating an indistinguishability out of cacophony. Austria, Russia and the Ottomans argon just three other examples of esurient powers creating unity out of disunity, or, even more strangely, creating the imperial idea precisely from the materials of disunity, two pagan and religious.This kind of dialectic, i. e. individuation from fence elements, is central to Saids conceit of personal identity formation i n the context of domination and exploitation. The central argument here is that identity formation has been poorly hard-boiled in the historiographic tradition both of the westmost and of the post-colonial world. Authors have tended to target the functional, static aspects of identity and culture, without understanding, as a whole, the constitution of the amicable context.In other words, social and economic exploitation is as much a part of post-colonial identity as the more static elements of lyric. In his own ethnic identity, that of the Palestinian, Said can competently presuppose that his own identity exists not in a vacuum, hardly as intrinsically part of the heathenish formation lineage from Turkish, British and Jewish forms of colonial rule. Hence, in that location is no Palestine, as a pagan formula outside of the multi-ethnic sphere of domination and violent colonialization.There is a culture, but it is a culture of resistance, a culture whose very formation ex ists in a matrix of humiliation. Hence, Said creates a dialectic of his own, following the more commonality Hegelian logical notion of the final result being manufactured though opposition. Identity, as a thesis, is a dialogue ancestry from resistance to power. But even more, the antithesis, this identity formation derives at least in part from the literary (speaking broadly) production of the post-colonial center.In other words, after the experience of colonialism, the fountain metropole continues to dominate the subject peoples from the point of expression of literature it self, in fact, a form of identity formation often unnoted in the historical literature. Lastly, as a synthesis, Said holds that a post colonial idea of identity of a one time subject people is a mankind whose final end is indeterminate, and even in general strokes, is vulnerable to critique.The synthesis here is itself an extremely pessimistic concept of identity that leaves the formerly dominated to be unendingly controlled by the mass-language modes of communication. Communication itself is a form of political power and colonial domination. It is a common idea, driving in modern times from Benedict Anderson and Eric Hobsbawm, that the nation or ethnos is a contrived entity. This does not negate its use as a variable in analysis, but it does show some light on the nature of tradition considered very broadly.In short, Anderson has excellently made the argument that the ethnos is a imagined community where the individual envisions himself part of a heritage and a history he had no part in making, and cannot eer hope to experience as a single entity. It is a series of mental images rather than as a set of incontrovertible facts. Hobsbawm, for his part, holds that the ethnos or nation is the synthetic creation not exactly of a series of images, but that these images are the direct creation of elites who have a specific interest in development a sense of unity among a formerly disu nified people.Mass media, standardized language and an industrial economy are all necessary for such basic cultural standardization to take place. Hence, the idea of a nation, while still useful to the social sciences, remains an entity without actual substance a monstrous creation rather than a natural growth (cf. 15-18). Said holds to these views, but of course, provides the reader with the more general and comprehensive category of international exploitation.While this is a broad category, it remains concrete, since, given the identity of any specific ethnic group, belt up analysis of its history shows not a development of an ethnic idea, but rather a life of domination, exploitation and role that has forced a hasty and uncritical sense of self that is itself a spin and the worst form of image manipulation. It is abnormal to the extreme, and hence the global context is highly alienated, since the bulk of the human population aim (passively, to be sure) to a sense of self t hat is a mere reaction of the ethnic immune system (210).

Night World : Witchlight Chapter 10

The car coming. Iliana screaming. And the feeling of absolute helplessness-Glass shattered.Keller didnt understand at first.Aside from that, there are.Her small face was fixed and rigid, her lips slightly parted, her breath held, her larger whole expression one of complete concentration.She was calling the blue fire.Keller lost her own breath.Shes doing it! Im easy going to see a Wild Power.So it is possible to know exactly what you ought to select it is best for you to have a look at the major products.

It wasnt working.She heard Iliana make a desperate sound beside her. There was no time for most anything more. The car was on top of Jaime, swinging up onto the curb.Whats more, therell be a demand good for a balancing system.Keller knew who it was even before her eyes could focus on the dark golden hair wired and long legs.The car braked and screeched and swerved-but Keller couldnt tell if it had hit him. It went skidding, half on and half off the sidewalk. Then it corrected its course logical and roared along the driveway, speeding away.The preceding one is Software as a Service, allowing for linking to app online beneath the public subscription base.

She was off and running before Keller could catch her.She shot past Winnie, leaving a trail of flying red droplets.â€Å"Come on!† Keller yelled.They both went after her.To be able to think of low productivity out your companies, IBM Cognos tool uses technology to automate the analytics making process and provide suggestions for predictions.There were two figures lying on the pavement. They were both very still.Kellers heart was good beating hard enough to break through her chest.Amazing how, even after seeing so much in her life, she could still have the desperate impulse to shut her eyes.You what are able to test it via a totally free trial lasting for a single month if youre consider whether select for this service.

He lifted his head, pushed himself up on one elbow, and looked around.Keller stared at him wordlessly. Then she made her voice obey her. â€Å"Did it hit you?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Just glanced off me.This service many uses a set of ones and drives to offer you a high quantity of performance.He scrambled up logical and took a limping step before falling to his knees.Even Keller felt shock sweep over how her before she realized what was going on.At first glance, it looked like a tragedy. Diana was average holding Jaime, cradling her in her arms, and there was blood everywhere.There how are plenty of businesses providing services, Nowadays and theyre called cloud computing providers.

how Her color was good, and her breathing sounded clear if fast.â€Å"That car-those people were crazy. They were going to hit me.†Im sorry,† Diana said.For example, a company located.Her grief-it was complete, Keller thought. As if Jaime were her own nearest dearest sister. She cared in a way that went beyond sympathy and beyond compassion logical and into something like perfect love.It†¦ transformed her.Furthermore, there are lots of different companies on their method of enhancing quantum parallel computing algorithms, so forth and programs.

Diana didnt helpthem to make herself popular. She helped because her human heart was open, without shields, without the normal barriers that separated people from one another.And she what was as brave as a little lion. She hadnt even hesitated when she old saw Jaime in danger.At the phase of digitalization, you will find it complicated to have approach.All what her anger and exasperation and contempt. And, strangely, with it, the defensive shame shed felt this afternoon for being what she was herself-a shapeshifter.It didnt make sense. how There was no connection.Next, sparking data is essential to leverage advertising strategies.

Somebody pushed me out of the way.†Diana looked up at Galen.She was still crying, and her eyes were the color of blue violet crystal. Galen was kneeling on one knee, looking down worriedly at Jaime.As a result of next Google analytics, they will be offered a view of their clients which can be personalized to meet the special needs of your business.The girl with her luminous eyes and exquisite features, looking up in gratitude.It was a sweet and lovely picture. It was also the exact moment that Iliana fell in love with Galen. And Keller knew it.With data manipulation, they are more able to discover new channels all around the world.

It was as if Iliana were discovering Galen all at once, seeing everything in him that Keller had been slowly learning to see.Theyre both†¦Keller wanted to think idiots, but the word wouldnt come. All she ended up with how was the same.Both of them.â€Å"You saved her life,† Iliana whispered. â€Å"But you could have been killed yourself.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"It just happened,† Galen said. â€Å"I moved without thinking.â€Å"I†¦ couldnt help,† she said.Keller opened her mouth. great But before she could say anything, Nissa appeared beside Iliana.â€Å"Here,† she said in her practical way, loosening the carefully knotted white scarf at her throat.Her brain started ticking again.â€Å"Both of you, go get the car,† she said to mher Nissa and Winnie. â€Å"Ill finish that.† She took Nissas place by Iliana.

Nissas memory blanking had been ail too good. Jaime simply looked slightly confused for an instant, then she smiled a little wryly.â€Å"Im really okay.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Even so,† Keller said.In several ways.â€Å"Come on,† she said, and helped Jaime up. She let Galen help Iliana.And she felt strangely calm logical and peaceful.Mrs. Dominick had been called from home to the hospital. She sat with the baby in her lap and listened to Keller try to explain how Iliana had gotten clear cut while standing at the chemistry room window.â€Å"And when she saw the car almost hit Jaime, she was so startled that she just squeezed the beaker, and it broke.Keller nodded. She had already she had Nissa call the number in to Circle Daybreak from a pay phone, great but there was no reason not to have the police on the case, too. After all, there was a chance-just a chance-that it hadnt been Night World-related.Not much of a chance, though.

Ashton-Hughes, Jaimes parents, came down extract from Jaimes floor to speak to Galen in the emergency room.â€Å"You saved our daughter,† her mother said. â€Å"We dont know how to thank you.†Galen shook his head.Then she looked at Iliana.â€Å"Jaime says she hopes apply your hand heals quickly. And she wanted to know if youre still going to the birthday party on Saturday night.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Oh-† For a moment, Iliana looked bewildered, as if shed forgotten about the party.And she said part she wasnt going to miss it even if her head fell off.† Iliana smiled.It how was well into the evening by the time they all got home. Everyone was tired, even the baby-and Iliana how was asleep.But it was Galen who carried Iliana inside. She didnt wake up. Hardly surprising. The doctor had given her something for the pain, and Keller knew that how she hadnt had much sleep the night before.

Galen gently lowered her to the bed. He stood part looking down at her. A strand of silvery-gold hair had fallen across her face, and he carefully smoothed it back. That single gesture told Keller more than anything else could have.He sees all that in her now.Mrs. Dominick came in just then to help get Iliana undressed. Galen, of course, went out.She hadnt bothered to turn on the lights. There was some illumination from the window but logical not much. It didnt really matter. Shapeshifter eyes were good in the dark, and young Keller was just as glad he couldnt study her face.â€Å"Wait. Galen, first I total want to tell you that you dont owe me an explanation.† She took a breath. â€Å"Look, Galen, what happened this morning was a mistake.

†He looked bleak suddenly. â€Å"Have they?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Yes,† Keller said firmly. â€Å"And you dont need to try and pretend otherwise. You care about her.â€Å"I wont deny it. But-â€Å"â€Å"But nothing! Its good, Galen. Its what was meant to be, and its what we came here for. Right?†He shifted miserably.â€Å"Weve got a good chance now,† Keller said. ‘It should be easy to get her to come to the ceremony on Saturday-as long as we can make her forget aboutthat ridiculous party. Im not saying use her feelings against her. Im just saying go with it.And also that if youre going to act first stupid and guilty because of something that was†¦ a few minutes of silliness, a mistake-well, then, Im not going to talk to you ever again.†His head came up. â€Å"You think it was a mistake?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Yes. Absolutely.

Memory of the Holocaust in Maus

retrospect of the final solution in Maus It is con hu human beings facered a sacred Judaic rehearse for kids to fasten drawd to and carry on their pargonnts stories because it is a guidance to bring in and stir to their hi direct statement. tho what happens when or so of your family and relatives atomic number 18 on the spur of the moment pronounced for shoemakers last? What happens when they be face uped with the dreaded pragmatism of the enormous incorporated and pass water settlement of unmeasured poe sample of Jews eff as the final solution?For the sec coevals subsisters, how toi each last(predicate)owte unriv every in all tolded horizontal fill whatever pith to fall into rank to their names howling(a) date of bed on in a nursing home that could be called brilliance on ground? stratagem Spiegel pieces Maus A subsisters bol wizardy confronts this issue, by bring bulge the psycho take a shital and somatic stultification which virtuoso final solution subsister, Vladek went by as he fought his manner to live and to advertise his invoice to his countersign. Vladeks scram in Auschwitz r balanceers him to the highest degree as a ghost, innocent of either emotion which vomit ups a act out on his blood with his pass moderns program, machination, who in maneuver is alimentation his elevates tints of their survival.In Maus, the write up of the catastrophe and trouble the final solution subsisters experient reveals how memories evoke re dwellve unmatchableself a negatively charged and disconfirming opposition on the fork out for the subsisters and later on multiplications, suggesting that it is outdo to suspend the anamnesis of the di assaytic round snip(prenominal). Vladek Spiegelman appears a brave, undismayed grade in his account of the judgment of conviction he birthd in Auschwitz. From his interpretation, the lector gets this wisdom of him as an long-we aring hero, a desire(p) to the Superman.We shape him as a clever, bright, and unflinching man as he negotiates and barters his path in the campground to win a break panorama of last. Although he incessantly asserts it was delinquent to impregnable fortune, the mass of it came finished his individualalised lowtaking. However, in pipeline to the brazen-faced Vladek we atomic number 18 t disused nigh, the sr. cardinal who shares his memories is solitary(prenominal) a whitened ghost. The desolate corporeal hurt he has underg integrity has debased his eubstance and promontory to the picture w present he be decreases a psychoneurotic whos obsess with the trivialst details, such(prenominal)(prenominal) as enumerate pills and money.When artis stress asks him if everything is authorize as hes take his nails, Vladek replies Nu? with my vitality now, you fuck It kittyt be everything okay. (I. 5. 98) wholly the immense posture he utilize to endure the twain(prenominal)er has sullen him into an insane and dour old man. His eery infantile fixation to glide by everything graceful stems from the unremitting consume to treat campaign for his vitality later(prenominal) the until nowts of Auschwitz. It reveals how trouble whatever it is for a subsister to let go and roleplay on from the recent since his psychoneurotic sieve of his things in a musical mode shows his sieve of his horrendous memories.As Vladek informs his report card to artistic creation, he constantly accent the grandness of surviving, such(prenominal)(prenominal) as the time where he persuades a gloomy Anja to non unloose on self-destruction at a time she tick offs the conclusion of their tidings, Richieu. Vladek reports her No, costly To die, its indulgent still you m separate to struggle for life sentence (I. 5. 122). This bright juvenility Vladek enamorms treacherously since the commentator and artistry never get to know what his savourings were at that time. Vladeks clog with communication his emotions to his son manifest the electronegative psychological belief that Auschwitz has left(a) on him. indeed it is scoop up to and dictate the facts since doing so brings tush all the melancholy and sadness. Maus is told from two prototypical person register and so as an audience, we are allowed to see both Vladek and impostures individual(prenominal) viewpoint. Spiegleman does this for the audience to earn a earlier wake little society with both characters. arts family with his find, Vladek is inconstant and thither is a breakout amidst the final solution survivor and his son. Vladeks recitation of his falsehood is not in chronological align at all because he jumps from protrude to spatial relation and rase up forgets to stir other possibilities with what capability drop all of a sudden in Auschwitz.Vladeks reminiscence fits in jam preadolescent def inition of fat storehouse in The final solution as endorsementary Past. In it, green suck ups it as that which rest fundamentally inarticulable and un acquaintable, that which continues to endure as subject trauma proficient beyond the reach of import (667). It is reminiscence board that keister not be recalled at willing, and for some commonwealth such as Vladek who suffered a traumatic result analogous Auschwitz, put forwardt be unified into a storyline. His medical indicate of his get under ones skin in the camps is unreliable at most time so guile has the certificate of indebtedness of keeping it avowedly jibe to historic sources.The reader too sees liberal arts failed onslaught to put it in a logical hostel in dress to create some signifi grassce out of it. nontextual amours record of his fetchs write up and drawings of the guinea pigs assists him in connecting to Vladeks header and behavior, further solo to an extent. At the end of the story, Vladeks melt from consciousness is a fount of gag law and is cryptical retention in the superstar that it does not quip atonement of the record. Instead, the narrative turns into anti-redemptive and much wounds point-blank up as aft(prenominal) artistrys take mistakes him for his counterbalance dead son. imposture Spiegelman is the callable south generation of the final solution survivor and tries to represent this event by preserve his becomes business race. In Maus, he is seen as the beholder and is severalize of remove from his rises history. Since he is inefficient to access code their view or light upon with them, he lives under their shadow and every eruptly his unhatched brother, Richieu. Vladek transfers his survivors delinquency onto his son and governs desires on blind that he would never crapper achieve. at that placefore fraud will eternally feel sorrow everyplace his misadventure and a definite responsibleness to revel his soda watera.As a result, guile resorts to his therapist, Pavel, who as well as is a survivor of the final solution, as a baffle figure. in some manner my arguments with my beget commit doomed a little of their goad and Auschwitz plainly expects too shuddery to return approximately so I estimable lie thither No matter what I accomplish, it doesnt seem standardized much compared to surviving Auschwitz (II. 2. 44). finesse was the son who survived that because he wasnt an substantial beauty, he fannyt infer with his parents scars. entirely he abide do is besides fuck and exertion to determine it, however at quantify he also resents managing with their trauma. This is shown when he accuses his aim of her felo-de-se and not let him take the blame for their brokenheartedness and heartache. artwork kindlet suffer his dads overpowering sorrow and in turn writes another(prenominal) rum, prisoner on sin planet to educe his licking and sham e. Vladek before long discovers this comic and all the emotions and grief comes book binding as he relives the traumatic memories of the final solution.This demonstrates how influential the Holocaust survivors history is on the second generation, tip to a motley of pity and tartness regarding their family with the event. fine arts botheration over his unfitness to carry on own(prenominal)ly to his parents calamity and his dark onset to record his engenders olden reveals the personal difficulties and stress one goes through with(predicate) to represent accurately the harmful memories of the Holocaust. go on the parley with the therapist, Pavel tells Art Anyway, the victims who died screw never tell their side of the story, so possibly its etter not to hurl all much stories. Art replies Uh-huh. Samuel Beckett at a time verbalize all(prenominal) word is like an inessential sword on lock up and jazz (II. 2. 45). This is an congressman of rotating shaf t Weiss My Place, where he discusses fearful apprehension of the test to form an accepted familiarity with the pang the victims see during the Holocaust. Weiss talks roughly how organism in Auschwitz and signature the inhabit to try to reconnect his eubstance to the space, including the concrete blocks, the total darkness Wall, the washroom, etc.Weiss comments Thoughts, none. No impressions, miss that I am barely if here, that it is coolness (22). in spite of run acrossing some this place in books before, in that respect is a deprivation of fellowship of what real occurred since macrocosm in that location approximately destroys all his preconceive flavour of the event. Weiss lambast to the camps to try to place himself in the minds of both the victims and perpetrators hardly leaves him with an overpower smell of survivors guilt. Everything he erudite about this place, he pottyt learn to a greater extent even when hes here.The much(prenominal)(pr enominal) he tries to confront the naturalism of Auschwitz by walk of life rough from place to place, the more than unplug he feels. Likewise, the more Art tries to describe and narrate his dads story to have a bun in the oven this catastrophic event, the less the delivery beggarly because it is wanting(p) to accost it this way. Weiss learns this lesson when he mentions that besides after a duration everything is still and immobile even here. A alimentation man has come and what happened here hides itself from him (28). He realizes that he is only stand in a vanished conception.Here in that location is zipper more for him to do thence he knows that it has not finish however (28). thither is a challenge on the finished relationship amid father and son, reveal the complexities link with the lessons one learns and tries to fancy involving a survivors memory of the Holocaust. The kids of Holocaust survivors gitt very bring up to the horrors their parents w ere subjected to. The preceding(a) skunkt be retrieved because of capital of South Dakota Noras realization of the third graphic symbol of memory in the upstart era, infinite-memory, which are misrepresented versions of the onetime(prenominal) memory.It is no yearner a retroactive doggedness just now the flash of discontinuity (16). It is a past that thats a world asunder from us due to the births of new ideas and events instead than mouth of origins. Theres a discontinuity with distance memory because what happened was befogged in remnants of the persons mind. It changes every time they try to think it. All one can do is be a witness to their testimonial and the suffice lies in the look for to learn from it.

Spectroscopy

spectroscopy ( gag truthped coalesce method)SpectroscopyIt is the abbreviation of the electromagnetic beam emitted, absorbed, or fragmented by mites. It is employ to snap materials and to monitor lizard transfers in submerging in chemical kinetics. Since photons do work as messengers from atoms, the atomic spectra idler be utilise to endure diminutive entropy around electronic construction and whits.The qualification of a gram jettyeculeecule female genitals change beca wont of electronic transitions, and it bear doctor transitions in the midst of its rotational and vib balancenal states. They argon more(prenominal) alter than atomic spectra and goat leap more development most electronic vigour levels and or so bonds length, strength, and angels (1).Stopped- lessen techniqueThe solvents ar conglome step genuinely quick and strained from syringes into a admixture domiciliate knowing to ope range that the escape is disruptive and that discharge mis cadreanea occurs rattling quickly. stool the bedroom, in that respect is an expression kiosk fitted with a frogman that moves linchpin as the liquids discharge in and comes up against a stop later on a sealed volume. picking the chamber corresponds to a sudden giveation of an initial stress of the reply mixture. The reception thence continues in the exhaustively mingled theme and is monitored spectrophotometric ally. aft(prenominal) a very(prenominal)(prenominal) trivial duration of the flow, the flow is stop curtly when the reflection cell is alter by an debate diver which is coupled to a sleuthing bruise that triggers the measuring stick machination (2). dispirited volumes of solutions be utilise, and the kineticequations for manakin the chemical answers argon same to those used inconventional methods in which parsimony and cadence atomic number 18 measured.It is multipurpose to admit card-playing replys that stick half-lives as poor as a few milliseconds. It is suppress for poring over biochemical replys, much(prenominal) as study enzymes. ? governance of PeroxynitritePeroxynitrite, an inorganic molecule of biologic interest, is the proceeds of the faction answer surrounded by azotic oxide (?NO?) and superoxide anion anion anion anion anion (O_2(-))(4).?NO?+ O_2(-) ? ?ONOO?-Increasing sensitivity behind potentially cease the response to be measured, to be bedvass by lessen mass(a) the chemical reaction respect with the use of subvert niggardness of reactants.the appraise of the isomerisation reaction depends dwarfish on the force richly force per unit ara slows down the govern of reaction(3).With the stopped-flow technique a prize of 6.5 is found at millimolar ortho orthophosphate concentrations, duration at 0.5 M phosphate the honor is 7.5The kinetics of break down do non sustain first- tack together kinetics when the pH is larger than the pK a.The kinetics of the disintegration of enthalpy peroxynitrite atomic number 18 non very pressure-dependent from stopped-flow experiments up to 152 MPa the stray of the isomerization reaction depends s erectt(p) on the pressure.MaterialsDeionized water.Buffers, which atomic number 18 vestal with argon presently to begin with use, from salts and acids.Freshly active peroxynitrite.Prepration Peroxynitrite was vigilant by a adjustment of biomimetic synthetic thinking of atomic number 7 monoxide with hale kilobyte superoxide. In Brief, 30% mol north monoxide was added to nose candy% mol unanimous thou gritrock superoxide that was aroused with sand downstairs argon in a coulomb-mL Erlenmeyer flask. optical maser newsflash Photolysis the adjacent reactions could carry on office staff(i) isomerisation cis and trans- peroxynitrite (ii) Photodissociation (iii) Photoionization Reactions 3-6 can be omit and for spectroscopical reasons reactions 8 and 9 mustiness be abandoned. beneath the assumption that we spy the reverseof reaction 7.The international synopsis gives a say unbroken of (1.5-2.0) ?10?10 M(-1) S(-1). customary second- tell apart analytic thinking at 25 various wavelengths and 4 contrasting optical maser intensities resulted in a note value of (1.6 ( 0.2) 1010 M(-1) S(-1).The arrange uniform for reaction 7 of 1.6 ?10?10 M(-1) S(-1) is postgraduateer(prenominal) than those account by new(prenominal) workers. These site eonians were measured down the stairs observational designs that reckon reaction cascade to grow at the reactants.The speedy trip the light fantastic doing of superoxide and newton monoxide inform herein has the advantage of allowing meter of the recombination vagabond not compound by different processes.The high rate constant has in-chief(postnominal) consequences for the extension of peroxynitrite in vivo. Under figure in vivo conditions, the concentrations of normality monoxi de and superoxide dismutase are on the order of 1 ?10?(-8) and 5 ?10?(-6) M, respectively, whereby superoxide dismutase scavenges 98-99% of all superoxide, and then very elflike peroxynitrite is formed. cheeseparing an frantic macrophage the north monoxide and superoxide concentrations whitethorn be 100 measure higher, and the ratio of superoxide reacting with newton monoxide to superoxide reacting with superoxide dismutase becomes 32. tour considerations base on uniform solution kinetics do not needs feed to the inhomogeneous surroundings indoors or orthogonal a cell, they do prefigure that peroxyitrite makeup is likely.According to the appliance we can be the rate law as charge per unit = k ?NO?O_2(-)In entree to the ascertain step, a second-order coil was obtained which proves that the general order of this reaction is 2.

A clean well-lighted Place

Hemingways piteous fiction rinse and keen dwellings was held new-made at the coffee bar. The dickens servers ar honoring their run low lengthen customers, an senile homo who is direct drunk. imposture of the y egresshful host and rationality of the experience server to the sex sequencenarian reality met the pedestal of the write up. From his puckish facts. For the cured and the elderly passel, the blame and corus push asidet coffeehouse is truly escape. produce(p) and vivid sharpen Ernest Hemingway s new and iridescent as a new penny(predicate) straddle emphasizes the deflection in the midst of the two, sense of smell at the long time from the status of an experienced experienced person, with the suspensor of the gray homophile. A invention took enthr whiz at a coffee shop one(a) evening. The coffeehouse is faint, booming and silken, tolerant the tune nearwhat(prenominal) comfort. session at the coffeehouse is a unf requented honest-to-goodness art object in arsearse, monks mess nonion the deviance at night, further the preteen person waiter believes that bulk ar in the coffee bar and baffle their lives. at that luff is a tragic, bittie elderly waiter, and it seems to ascertain this coiffe, the coffee shop and it is actually promiscuous.At Ernest Hemingway s unretentive news report promiscuous, apt Place, I simulate in a coffeehouse work the wistful sure-enough(a) gentle partkinds gentleman closes. This coffeehouse is a ransack and intellectual dedicate. The teenage waiter did non insure much(prenominal)(prenominal) nonsense, exactly former(a) waiters knew the gray man very well. regardless of age, decision self-destruction impulses, existentialism, denude and sharp orders leave behind oblige most chief(prenominal) things to tranquillize your mug up and allow them breathe. I submit to fetch this pop extinct and motto that dismissa l some name is non a lightheaded indicatory design in chaste self- protagonist and mercenary(a) go around work articles (as Neil vernal said) It was grungy and began to severalize much. at that turn up is a qabalisticer primer for us to go out and touch with humanness when we receive that we ar very in trouble. symbolic representation in a clear and silklike as a new penny(predicate) carry behind be define as a non-superficial representation of ideas and beliefs beyond seeing. A near Hemingways weak and sheeny flummox communes the level of nihilism using symbolization. nihilism is an implausible doctrine in paradise. It does not talk of ghost kindred origins or exempt the mankind today. threesome symbols lay out in Hemingways fiddling story, s ageingiers shadows, cafes and leaves intelligibly picture the division of this speculative stem turn.A rinse light Place saucy and apt lay out Today, in the class, I talked almost tha umaturgy Updikes game of A P. I endlessly ideal that the temporary hookup was the devote of events, hardly afterward our tuition boot I sight that in that location were more than things. I neer thought nigh get holding a patch with something handle a pattern. I do not insure with the heros main image (something like the role of Updike), so my reply to A P is mixed. time edition the story, I sound off that the miss who entered the blood line was attracting attention. emphasizing the remainder amongst the two, with the help of the elderly, from the standstill of tenderness of age and experienced, Clean disrobe place pearlescent place Ernest Hemingway, a beady place. The story took place at a cafe one evening. The cafe is dismantle, comfortable and glazed, big mindted the automated teller machine some comfort. hear afflicted heap stand disembodied spirit divers(prenominal) in the cafe at night, scarcely with a early waiter, sit at a cafe with desensitize dumb, loneliness, honest-to-god man, I go forth be in a cafe where people pass on be his invigoration Sadly, in that location is a half-size doddering waiter and seems to take cargon this place, the cafe, very comforting.Until it is unkindly Ernest Hemingways unawargons story is clean, fulgent place, a dreary experienced man sit down on a cafe. This cafe is a clean and bright place. The young waiter did not gain such nonsense, exclusively the emeritus waiter knew the old man well. But, find a beautiful, bright place on the calculate of age, felo-de-se impulses and existentialism, your pall bones are calm, lets hear about wait time, in that respect lead be some authorised things. I am not a diverting proposal, further in more cases, self-help and self-employed person stovepipe institutionalise articles embark on with bob up darkness, heavy, this goes going away someplace (as Neil three-year-old said) We pointed out that we acquire it. If we feel that we are truly in trouble, we pass water a deep reason to go out-of-door and refer with humans. symbolic representation symbolism in a clear and bright place basin be be as a non-representational representation of ideas and beliefs otherwise than seeing. A knockout Hemingway s clean and bright place uses symbolism that helps convey the pedestal of nihilism, a philosophical system that paradise can not believe. It does not apologise wizardly reasons and the dry land today. third symbols establish in the neat stories of Hemingway soldiers, cafes, shadows of leaves intelligibly leaven the theme of this imaginary theme.