War Theories :: The Godfather Mafia The Good Fellows Essays

War Theories â€Å"War doesn't legitimize death!† Being brought up in a Catholic and Republican family, I realized there was a good and bad occasions to make this sort of explanation during supper. I was praised for not supporting capital punishment due to my confidence, a case of saying the correct thing at the perfect time. In any case, I was likewise informed that the thinking America was at war was so as to represent opportunity and bolster the President’s choice. Expressing that war doesn't legitimize demise as of now would be an off-base thought. In this way since early on I figured out how certain conditions can allow one to securely express that passing in war is legitimate. Today as an American resident living in the War on Terror I am looked to fight these two thoughts; demise not advocating passing versus demise in war being totally reasonable. Through this class, I have learned one articulation doesn't work in all conditions. War and its causes can be assessed through fo ur distinct hypotheses; political authenticity, popularity based harmony hypothesis, transformation and war, and system change in majority rule governments. Every one of the four speculations characterize conditions that legitimize passing and conditions in which demise isn't reasonable. There are numerous individuals whose expert employment is to slaughter, for example, troopers and professional killers. The most intriguing part of these callings are that they are picked, and further increasingly numerous fighters work under the strict conviction set that they will go to paradise notwithstanding in the event that they took another human’s life. The defense for some military experts, for example, the America military, is that they follow a severe code of morals that characterizes rules for commitment and direct. These arrangements of rules is utilized under the avocation that it keeps up steadiness and jam human life. Despite the fact that most of predominant religions follow a regulation that excuses viciousness and murder, military professionals’ conviction under these built up set of decides that they should execute or be slaughtered. Military experts likewise believe that they are respected help men, not murders or crooks. Murders execute in ravenou sness or for the fulfillment of taking another human’s life, licit slaughtering. The regarded administration men participate in savagery and executing acting under the obligation of shielding majority rules system. The genuine slaughtering isn't reasonable is arbitrary or murder for kicks somewhere around murders and miscreants, unlawful executing.

Grateful dead essays

Thankful dead papers It's been a long time since Jerry Garcia's guitar fell quiet, yet the humankind he kept out and about for over 30 years is a lot of alive. The rest of the individuals from the appreciative dead have at long last chosen to renuite and go on visit once again. Sway Weir, Phil Lesh, Mickey Hart and Bill Kreutzman will take the street under the name different ones planning to bring back the spirt in the a large number of dead heads everywhere throughout the world. Subbing for Garcia on guitar will be Jimmy Herring, a veteran of visits with the Allman Brothers and Dead-related side undertakings, whose guitar is frightfully suggestive of Garcia's yet special. They will start there visit on November 13, in Roanoke virgina and the Roanoke municipal focus and will finish up on December second in Rosemont Illinois at the Allstate field. Be that as it may, don't you stress they will make a stop here in detroit at the Palace of Auburn Hills on November 30. Tickets are not yet at a bargain however ought to be inside the following barely any weeks. This all started at the Terripin Station Renunion appear out of appreciation for Jerry Garcia.Grateful Dead made a beeline for the Alpine Valley Music Theater for two days of sticking August 3-4. The band simply had a fabulous time they really wanted to need to play more. There were 35,000 tickets sold for every day of the two-day occasion. It was viewed as an effective show occasion, noticing just 11 captures and 60 references, chiefly for drugs. Additional appointees were doled out to work during the time expecting that more than 200,000 of steadfast deadhead would appear. ... <!

My First Impressions of Illinois Welcome Days Edition

My First Impressions of Illinois Welcome Days Edition I’ve officially experienced my first Welcome Days on campus, and I can’t help but think back to this summer when I was a (nervous) prospective student. I remember attending an Admitted Student Day asking my burning questions to student panels and listening to endless presentations. I’m not going to lie: Sometimes I wondered, is this school really who they say they are?   Welcome Days hosts fun events for new and returning students on campus. The main objective of this week is for students to attend activities, meet their peers, and get settled before classes are in session. To me, this past week was about solidifying my understanding of what campus has to offer. Let’s test and see if the university’s claims last summer match my first impressions of campus so far: Illinois values inclusivity.  The diverse population at Illinois was something I didn’t expect before I stepped foot on campus. My preconceived notion stemmed from the myth that Everyone I’ll meet will be a Chicago native. However, my low expectations were offset by the remarkable diversity of the student body, and that’s just from the freshmen alone! In just one week, I’ve met students from New York, Shanghai, and even Sweden. The number of minority and international student RSOs and clubs also took me by surprise, some of which being the Polish and Filipino student associations. Not to mention living in a Catholic residential building, I’ve been accepted and appreciated for my differences in beliefs and values. My dining hall’s chef has even made accommodations for my religious dietary restrictions! I’ve been impressed by how much the school integrates inclusivity by catering to various ethnicities, religions, and races!   Illinois wants you to aim high.  When I was a prospective student, I remember listening to a speaker discuss Illinois’ idea of “and.” He mentioned that the school encourages its students to study and explore whatever they choose. Indeed, students must select a major, but the skys the limit. This “and” principle became clear to me once I attended New Student Convocation, a welcome ceremony that marks the beginning of the Illinois experience. One of the alums majored in three different areas of study (a superhuman) and expressed how important it is to expand your academic horizons. He emphasized how he accomplished the unexpected by being ambitious. Additionally, Welcome Days puts on events that are college specific. For example, the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences hosted an LAS Expo for current students to ask questions to LAS interns, leaders, and even professors. It’s safe to say that my first impression was nothing short of great because of the school’s overwhelm ing support toward student academic achievement! A view of new student convocation at the State Farm Center Credit: Google Images           Illinois fosters innovation and creativity.  If you’ve visited the University of Illinois in Chambana, you’ve probably heard of the Squirrel-Watching Club (yes, it’s legit). The Squirrel-Watching Club is just one example of how Illinois is open and willing to turn hobbies and ideas into established groups and projects students desire. Quad Day, a day dedicated for students to check out school organizations, definitely reflects how the school cultivates innovation and creativity. As I walked through the Main Quad, there were a spectrum of groups for pre-med, martial arts, robotics, chess, and even improv! Most of these clubs expect no prior experience or skills from its members. The importance for students to find a refreshing outlet that feeds their creative and innovative side is well recognized! Welcome Days Memorabilia Quad Day: Credit: Google Images The line for the register @ the Illini Union Bookstore the day before classes (yikes!): Credit: Yours truly A snippet of Illinois Sights and Sounds: a  Welcome Days event that introduces students to the traditions of the university, coaches from many intercollegiate athletics teams, and the classic Block I class photo! document.createElement('video'); https://admissionsblog.web.illinois.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/ips-75DDC788-19CD-44C0-9D01-E59BCE5C2969.mp4 Credit: Yours truly I guess Illinois doesnt lie. Don’t hesitate to leave questions about Welcome Days and suggestions for future blog posts in the comment section below! Welcome Class of 2022! Fiz Fiza Class of 2022 My major is Molecular and Cellular Biology (more commonly and lovingly known as MCB) in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. I'm on the pre-med trackâ€"I’ve dreamed of becoming a doctor since I could spell the word!

Does Baking Powder Have a Shelf Life

Did you know that baking powder has a shelf life? Unopened baking powder remains good indefinitely, but once you open a container of baking powder its potency starts to wane. The ingredient in the baking powder that would react with liquid in your recipe reacts instead with water vapor in moist kitchen air. You can slow this process by making certain your baking powder is tightly sealed when you arent using it. Test Baking Powder Its a good idea to test baking powder before using it in a recipe. Mix a bit of warm water into a small amount of baking powder. If you see bubbles of carbon dioxide form, then your baking powder is good. If no bubbles are formed or the reaction seems weak, its time to replace your baking powder. If you only get a few bubbles from the reaction with warm water, but cant get fresh baking powder in time to make the recipe, you can either use a bit more baking powder or else make homemade baking powder from baking soda and cream of tartar.

How Does One Sacrifice Something That Can t Be Held But...

Here is a riddle I learned during this school year. How does one sacrifice something that can’t be held but measured? If it can’t be held, how can you give someone yours? Last clue: If it can be measured why can’t you save it up for different purposes? What are we talking about here? After three clues you should have answered time. So how do people sacrifice time that can be measured, not held, and not given? For that answer we need to talk to a god. Chronos is a Greek god of time, but unlike other gods, sacrificing time wouldn’t’t please him. I have learned this firsthand by mostly trial and error. My trial and error tests had me sitting on my comfy couch, legs up, facing my 60-inch (measured diagonally) watching a TV show. My MacBook computer would be on my lap being ignored even though I had every intention to start my schoolwork. If Chronos was sitting next to me, the Greek god would smell of times lost and be fuming from his mouths , all three of them. I was in every sense sacrificing time rather then using it wisely. In a deep echoing god like voice Chrono honors me with the best advice the Greek god of time could give, â€Å"Use my time wisely or before you know it, your time will be up mortal.† The Greek gods statement rang true to the same pitch of my ears as I turned off the TV and started my paper. I turned my head to face face face Chronos and responded in my mortal weak words responding, â€Å"Use it or loose it?† The gods six eyes all squint in unison atShow MoreRelatedThe Crucible : Nature Vs Nurture Debate2002 Words   |  9 PagesOne of the longest running discussions in psychology is the nature vs nurture debate. That is, is human behavior influenced more by environmental factors in one’s life, such as parents, or by genetics and biological factors? 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Feminist Undertones in Pride and Prejudice Free Essays

string(41) " are allowed to achieve self expression\." FEMINIST UNDERTONES IN ‘PRIDE AND PREJUDICE’ Introduction Jane Austen authored the novel ‘Pride and Prejudice’ in 1813, a period in the social history of England that saw most women as best equipped for the private and domestic realm. An ideal woman was the picture of chastity, innocence and compliancy. Even women authors in this period were expected to adhere to genres that were considered to be solely their domain- the refined arts, household management, love, courtship, family life and fidelity in the face of temptation. We will write a custom essay sample on Feminist Undertones in Pride and Prejudice or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although ‘Pride and Prejudice’ was primarily a romance between two free-thinking individuals, Elizabeth Bennet and Fitzwilliam Darcy, it has grave feminist undercurrents that are displayed to the reader in many incidents and conversations that ensue between the characters. The nineteenth century was one of progressive transience, especially for women who forged a new identity for themselves. Literature was a vital mouthpiece for their miseries. Jane Austen takes a strong jibe at the existing patriarchy under the more dulcet tones of feminine affairs like love, courtships, gossip and bitchery. Austen’s protagonist Elizabeth Bennet is the second of five sisters in the Bennet family. Out of all her sisters, Elizabeth is the only one who exhibits a bent of mind that was rational and somewhat gumptious. Her principal concerns in life were not winning the affections of wealthy men in order to find herself a suitable match. Austen penned ‘Pride and Prejudice’ much prior to the time referred to as the age of New Woman Fiction and yet her writing is a powerful satire on the position of women in society and how this position limited their viewpoint to petty affairs. A good instance of this is the character of Mrs. Bennet or even Lady Catherine De Bourgh. Jane Austen explores various facets of the middle class society of nineteenth century England, successfully giving a panoptic view of the prevalent social mores and mindsets, especially those pertaining to the status of women. The different characters in her novel render a variegated purview of feminist notions. The Character of Mrs. Bennet and Austen’s Satirical Critique From the opening lines of the story Mrs. Bennet is put forth as a dominating, albeit directing, force in the Bennet household. Her very first dialogue with Mr. Bennet, wherein she tries to convince him to meet Mr. Bingley, a man of a fortune as handsome as his appearance, to try and fix a match for one of their daughters, is evident of her mindset. Her scope of interests in life is limited only to the stable marital settlement of her five daughters. Her husband is not of much interest to the reader because of his almost insipid outlook of affairs. Mrs. Bennet inspite of her condescending and parochial behavior is a multi dimensional character, interesting readers very much. Her outragous schemes to send Jane on horseback to Netherfield so as to make her contract a cold to extend her stay at the Bingleys’ home, manage to shock those who believe in subtlety. Some critics have also referred to Mrs. Bennet as vulgar, a term too extreme for our times. However back then it probably had the connotation of something that was socially hideous. Mrs Bennet is also a prototype of how the women, repressed by society, had stopped striving for social and intellectual advancement. Mrs Bennet’s mental horizons are extremely narrow and she is not ashamed of this fact. Rather she is voluble, to an annoying extent. Mrs Bennet is unable to meet the parameters of decent conduct and behaviour as illustrated in many instances throughout the story. Mr. Bingley’s sisters are extremely repelled by her brash outspokenness, so much so that they use it as a means to break off Mr. Bingley’s association with Jane. Mrs. Bennet also displays an almost obnoxious double standard towards Charlotte Lucas, a very close friend of Elizabeth, by demeaning her appearance in front of her daughters and also Mr. Bingley. However Mrs. Bennet also exhibits some positively feminine inclinations in the course of the novel. One such instance can be her complete disdain for the fact that despite having five daughters, their estate should be inherited by Mr Collins, a complete stranger. Austen makes remarkable use of wit and sarcasm to impersonate Mrs. Bennet. Her novels use comic fiction as a chief means of exploring the individualisation of women’s lives and the revolution in the relation of the sexes at the beginning of the 19th century. Heroine Centric Novels Almost all of Jane Austen’s works feature a female protagonist and most of the other characters are women with a miscellenia of personalities. Austen’s heroines are free spirited young women who have a wide horizon of interests, be it Emma Woodhouse (Emma), Catherine Morland (Northanger Abbey), Marianne (Sense and Sensibility) or Elizabeth Bennet (Pride and Prejudice). In all of these novels the heroine is shown to have her own subjectivity and opinions of life, rather than play a restricted role in the background of the plot. Austen’s stories portray women and the problems faced by them in their daily life through a union of comic and moral indignation. Robert M Polhemus writes, Austen was disposed through comic license to ridicule the inadequacies and constraints of her society. † Through a lens of satire, Austen gave a candid view of the existing social, financial and sexual hierarchies in the middle class landed gentry of eighteenth century England. Women are a prime focus in all her stories and their methods of dealing with situations relating to love, marriage, family, inheritance and courtships. V irginia Woolf once said, â€Å"Austen’s characters are so rounded and substantial that people treat them as if they are ‘living people’. † The heroines in the novels had enough agency to exercise their will. They overcame obstacles very modernisitically. In the novel ‘Pride and Prejudice’, the social world of Elizabeth, is scrupulously described, but within these limitations, the heroine as well as the hero, Mr. Darcy are allowed to achieve self expression. You read "Feminist Undertones in Pride and Prejudice" in category "Papers" Love and marriage for them signify the control of egoism and misperception and the regenerative merging of the self with the ongoing community. With their earnest tone, clear narrative line, contemporary settings, drama and pathos, Jane Austen’s writings become a persuasive communicator of significant beliefs and values. Elizabeth Bennet is a vivacious young woman who, inspite of living in a society that curtailed the thoughts and actions of the fairer sex, lived freely and almost on her own terms. Her opinions of people and situations are rational and her sense of judgement is almost always sound. She possesses not only intelligence but is also sharp and has a great presence of mind. She reads books, plays the piano and loves walking in the outdoors, an act deeply condemned by Mrs Bennet as well as the Bingley sisters as not ladylike. However these attributes endear her even more to Mr. Darcy. Rachel Trickett, in her essay ‘Manners and Society’, writes â€Å"Jane Austen singles out the snobbery and limitation to censure it. She is the enemy of any kind of distinction that fails to take into account personal merit, worth and intelligence. † Elizabeth has clarity of thought and farsightedness that helps her to see things in the right perspective. Early in the novel she is depicted as being arrogant of her wit and her accuracy in judging the social behaviour and intentions. She believes not in a marriage of economic convenience, but in a marriage that is a result of love. Her acuity and sharpness is much admired by her friends, acquaintances and men who look to court her. However Elizabeth’s quickness also sometimes leads her to misunderstand the actions of others, like in the case of Mr. Wickham’s opnions of Mr. Darcy which are dispelled after she receives Darcy’s self explainatory letter, following his first proposal of marriage to her. Through Elizabeth, Austen tries to promote the image of a sovereign identity of a woman who is as subjective as her male counterparts. Narrative style used to convey feminist theme The novel in some instances does objectify men, though in obvious humour. This is hinted in the opening lines of the story, â€Å"It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrouding families, that he is considered the rightful property of some one or other of their daughters. † The author gives an exhaustive overview of each character’s mindset, adhering to no stereotypes. The man and the woman are treated equally, the description of their human psyche not influenced by any sexual convention. Their characteristic virtues and shortfalls are viewed through an objective lens. Mr. Darcy’s disposition isn’t perfect, nor is Elizabeth’s. If Mrs. Bennet is shown to be an annoying, domineering figure then Mr. Bennet’s sarcasm and witty remarks are equated with almost indifference. Jane’s kindness is sometimes over-the-top and in many instances harms her own situation rather than helping her. Charlotte Lucas’ marriage of convenience to Mr. Collins doesn’t turn out to be exactly as comfortable as she had imagined. From the above examples, one may say that Austen’s narrative style is lucidly analytical of personal psyches, interpersonal relationships and social mores. The heroine is a woman of substance, not bowing to set patterns of society. The strings of relationships are drawn and managed by her while the men, though attractive in their characterization are usually arranged in the backdrop. Jane Austen cannot be called a feminist openly, because she never ventured into this foray directly. Rather, her works contain her feminist recollections running collateral to the story, which can be easily enough interpreted. Austen’s writings cannot be termed as a feminist rhetoric because they positively lean towards a humourous critical overview of the prevalent attitude towards women in the middle classes of England and the usual perception one had of them. Austen’s representation of the characters and incidents in familiar context to the readers made their acquaintance with her feminist impartations more intimate. One could connect and emapathise with the characters due to their individuality and familiar spirit. Elizabeth Bennet could easily be imagined as one’s own sister, friend or neighbour. Thorugh the novel, Austen doesn’t disgrace any character for cutting through conventions. For instance, frivoulous Lydia is finally honourably united to Wickham. By the mores of her own society, Lydia must, and it turns out to be no great embarrassment or humiliation to either party. Their fate is that they deserve each other and are completely unabashed by their mutual unworthiness (a very different conclusion from the conventional fate of the ruined girl in the late- eighteenth-century novel and a comic reversal of the expected and entirely typical of Jane Austen’s realism. Jane Austen’s own childhood and upbringing indicates that despite rigid codes of manners in the conduct of everyday life, the education and sphere of action of a young woman of the time was considerably less restricted. Her writings denounce the objectification of women for social dissection and analysis. Arnold Kettle, in his 1951 essay on ‘Emma’, saw Jane Austen’s highly critical concern over the fate of women in her society as a â€Å"positive vibration†. Austen showed a clear and commitment to the rational principle on which women of the Enlightenment based their case. Many parallels have been drawn between Elizabeth Bennet and Jane Austen herself, illustrating the positively feminine and rational side of the author. In a Victorian social structure that had incorporated an idealized version of femininity, repressing the woman figure into the margins, Austen’s fresh approach to regarding women in a progressive light, through literature has been widely acknowledged and appreciated. She is very often referred to as the most loved feminists of all time. In Pride and Prejudice Elizabeth Bennet breathes life into a new perception of a New Woman. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Grey, J. David ed. The Jane Austen Handbook ( London, 1986) 2. Southam, B. C. ed Jane Austen- The Critical Heritage (London and New York, 1968) 3. Watt, Ian â€Å"Introduction to Jane Austen- A Collection of critical essays† (Englewood Cliffs. N. J. , 1963) 4. Luria, Gina The Feminist Controversy in England (New York, 1972) 5. Kirkham, Margaret Jane Austen, Feminism and Fiction (London, 1982) 6. Harman, Clare Jane’s Fame, How Jane Austen Conquered the World (Edinburgh, 2009) How to cite Feminist Undertones in Pride and Prejudice, Papers

ORMORM Manickavasagam Chetty V TJ McGregor free essay sample

The caveat was registered with the Registrar of Titles. A claimed that the lien had been lost when R departed with the title. He wants R to withdraw his caveat so that cross-transfer can be executed. (Because there was caveat, registration Of transfer was refused. ) Held: S 134 of the Land Code: When a lien is intended to be created over any land the proprietor may deposit his grant, lease of State land, certificate of title, or extract from the mike register, and the person with whom the same has been deposited ay present a caveat. Upon registration of such caveat the lien shall be created. ACID must be deposited to the person who wished to enter into a lien-holders caveat Cline is not created upon deposit of title as it was before (S 80 of Registration of Titles Enactment) but only upon registration of the caveat. Lien may not be lost where possession is no longer retained. We will write a custom essay sample on ORMORM Manickavasagam Chetty V TJ McGregor or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The test whether a lien is in existence is whether there is a caveat on the land or not. (not whether the title is still in the possession of the lien-holder.Not having he title in possession does not mean that the lien ceased to exist or the lien- holder had intended to give up the lien. Caveat was still in force. Respondent was no longer in possession of the part of the title for the land over which the lien was created is not evidence that the lien has ceased to exist. He cannot withdraw the present caveat and lodge a fresh one (SSL 75 of the Land Code forbids registration of second caveat). Must see the intention of the parting with the title. If the intention to part with DID was to abandon the lien, then he lien would become invalid.If the parting of the DID was for other purposes e. G. Property is delivered to the owner for some particular purpose on an undertaking by the owner that he will return it, then the lien is still valid. Ors immediate intention in surrendering the title was to enable the Collector to sub-divide. That act did not deprive himself of his lien. Ors rights to be entitled to a lien under S 134 are not affected by an agreement between co-owners to subdivide land and execute cross transfers.

Sharon Olds And William Shakespeare Essays - Sonnet 116, Sonnet 1

Sharon Olds And William Shakespeare Essays - Sonnet 116, Sonnet 1 Sharon Olds And William Shakespeare From the Present to the Future through the Eyes of Love Plato once said, At the touch of love everyone becomes a poet. What is Love? Love is an attraction based on sexual desires: affection and tenderness felt by lovers. (Merriam Websters Dictionary) We see a lot of love, marriage, broken-hearts, lust, and sex in today society but also in poetry we read by great authors. A poem such as Sharon Olds, Sex Without Love. Also from the past that knew the meaning of love through his plays, poems, and especially from his sonnets, William Shakespeare, Sonnet 116 Let me not the marriage of true minds. I will analyze each poem and sonnet and show my own point of view and show the similarities and differences. In Sharon Olds, Sex Without Love, she passionately describes the authors disgust for casual sex. She vividly animates the immortality of lustful sex through her language variety. Olds clever use of imagery makes this poem come to life. Her frequently uses of similes to make the audience imagine actual events. For example, Olds describes making love as Beautiful as dancers. (Sharon Olds, Line #2) In this line, she questions how one can do such a beautiful act with a person whom one is not in love with. Olds also describes sex as gliding over each other like ice skaters over the ice.(Sharon Olds, Line #3,4) She is referring to sex as a performance. Imagine an ice-skating performance, each ice skater is performing for judges and an audience to win an award. Olds uses this simile to relate people performing for one another. When two people truly are in love, there is no need for any special show or performance. Another simile the author uses is As wet as the children at birth whose mothe rs are going to give them away, (Sharon Olds, Line #6,7,8) to simulate a sweaty lovemaking scene. The simile light rising slowly as steam off their joined skin (Sharon Olds, Line #11,12,13) can also be used to perceive the same image of a hot, sweaty, and passionate love making scene. The author repeatedly questions how two people who are not in love can perform such a spiritual act. The simile As wet as the children at birth whose mothers are going to give them away, can also be used to represent the outcome of lustful copulation. When two people engage in sexual activities, a large percent of the mothers choose to ignore the outcome and either abort or give their children up for adoption. Olds compares the lovers with great runners. (Sharon Olds, Line #18) In this simile, she implies that lovers are alone with their own pleasures. Olds questions this selfishness throughout the poem. How can two people be alone in pleasure, when sex is supposed to be both physically and emotionally shared between lovers? Olds uses hyperbole to describe her belief that sex and God are entwined. These are the true religions, the priest, the pros, the one who will not accept a false Messiah, love the priest instead of the God. (Sharon Olds, Lines #13-17) In these lines she says that sex is more than pleasure, and if one is merely using sex for pleasure they are accepting a false God. She describes people as hypocrites who claim to love the lord, yet engage in immoral sex. In the lines, How do they come to the / come to the / come to the / God / come to the / still waters, and not love / the one who came there with them, (Sharon Olds, Lines #8-11) Olds describes two people climaxing. The choice of words wet, come, still waters, and came add to the suggestion of this climax. Olds uses the sexual imagery to address her subject as well as to convey a sense of intimacy. Olds perceives sex as spiritual, and wonders how people can bring a person with whom they are not in love with befo re God. Olds uses hyperbole to share her disgust of casual sex with her audience. Sharon Olds clearly despises people who engage in sex without being in love. She is able to emphasize her view in a tasteful

Every IB History Past Paper Available Free and Official

Every IB History Past Paper Available Free and Official SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Taking a practice IB History exam before the actual exam will help you familiarize yourself with the length, style and format of the test. In this guide, we explain the IB History test format and link to the best past papers available. At the end, I’ll explain how best to use these IB History past papers for your studying. Disclaimer: these free exams should be used at your own risk. The exams are not authorized by the IBO and were most likely put up online without the IBO’s consent. IB History Exam Format The IB History course was completely revamped in 2017. Now, there are five prescribed subjects: Military leaders Conquest and its impact The move to global war Rights and protest Conflict and intervention Your teacher will choose one that you'll cover, and you'll be tested on this for paper 1 (one hour in length). There is also a list of twelve world history topics. For paper 2 (1.5 hours), you'll cover two of these: Society and economy (750-1400) Causes and effects of medieval wars (750-1500) Dynasties and rulers (750-1500) Societies in transition (1400-1700) Early Modern states (1450-1789) Causes and effects of Early Modern wars (1500-1750) Origins, development and impact of industrialization (1750-2005) Independence movements (1800-2000) Evolution and development of democratic states (1848-2000) Authoritarian states (20th century) Causes and effects of 20th-century wars The Cold War: superpower tensions and rivalries (20th century) For students taking IB History HL, they'll have a final paper (paper 3) that is 2.5 hours and will cover one of the four Depth Studies: History of Africa and the Middle East History of the Americas History of Asia and Oceania History of Europe Current IB History Papers The best source for up-to-date IB History past papers is the IBO store. Each paper and each markscheme is $3, so a full test's worth will cost you $12 for SL or $18 for HL. (While the IBO site has a sample SL/HL paper 2 available for free, it's from November 2005, predating the most recent syllabus updates.) Currently, the IB store has papers from 20 through 2018, but we recommend only purchasing papers from May 2017 tests or later, as those are the exams that match the new syllabus. Be sure to check not just the test date but also the depth-study area for each exam paper and markscheme you purchase to make sure they match up- you wouldn't want to purchase a History of Asia and Oceania exam paper but a History of Europe markscheme! Additionally, we've found these IB History past papers available for you to study from. They are from 2017 and follow the same format as current IB History exams, so you can be sure they'll be close to what you actually see for your own paper. Because they're not on the official IB site, however, we urge you to use these with caution. Paper 1 prompts and grading Paper 2 prompts Alan O'Rourke / Flickr Old IB History Papers These papers are before the IB History course was revamped in 2017, so the topics the papers cover won't be exactly what you see for your course. However, these can still be a useful way to get a better sense of the kinds of papers you'll see for IB History and the types of information you'll be expected to know. 2003 Paper 1Paper 1 Source BookletPaper 2Paper 3 2004 Paper 1Paper 1 Source BookletPaper 2Paper 3 2005 Paper 1Paper 1 Source BookletPaper 2Paper 3 2006 Paper 1Paper 1 Source BookletPaper 2Paper 3 Paper 3 Topics Chart of paper 3 topics from 2000 through 2012 How to Use IB History Past Papers Each full IB History practice exam will take you 2.5 hours for SL or 5 hours for HL, so you need to get the most out of each test. Below are some pointers for your practice. Tip 1: Take Papers 1 and 2 Consecutively (If Possible) For both IB History SL and HL, papers 1 and 2 are administered one after the other, requiring you to maintain your concentration and testing stamina for 2.5 hours. Part of practicing for the test means building up your testing endurance so that you're not making careless errors or losing focus towards the end of the tests. IB History HL includes a third, 2.5-hour paper administered on a second day of testing, which you should also try to match in your practice schedule. Having a test spread out over multiple days means that you can't just cram and then immediately forget everything after you've finished papers 1 and 2; you'll need to practice retaining information even after the 2.5-hour slog of the first day's papers 1 and 2. If you don't have time in your schedule for a full 2.5-hour session (or for two 2.5-hour sessions two days in a row for HL), then splitting papers 1 and 2 up over multiple days is OK. Just make sure that in your studying you follow this next tip: Tip 2: Time Yourself on Each Paper You must get used to the timing pressures of this exam. The time allowed per paper is: IB History SL Paper 1- 1 hour Paper 2- 1 hour 30 minutes IB History HL Paper 1- 1 hour Paper 2- 1 hour 30 minutes Paper 3- 2 hour 30 minutes Don't give yourself extra time. If you do, you will not figure out your pacing for the real exam and will likely score higher than you actually will the day of the test. I want these practice exams to give you an accurate picture of your actual test score. Stephan Baum/Wikimedia Tip 3: Review Your Mistakes! When you complete your exam (end of Paper 2 for SL or end of Paper 3 for HL), check every mistake. If you skip this step, you will not learn from your errors, and you'll keep making them. You need to take at least an hour reviewing your exam. I know this may seem like a lot of time, but you want quality practice. If you only end up taking two practice tests with detailed review, you will be better prepared than if you took six tests with no review. What’s Next? Taking IB History right now? Round out your studying with our complete IB History notes and study guide. Ready to jump into some US History topics? Learn about the Platt Amendment and Ida Lewis. If you're more interested in political history, be sure to also check out our articles on checks and balances in the US government and how the executive branch can check the judicial branch. Or perhaps you're interested in learning something that might not come up in history class? Find out more about David Ghantt and the Loomis Fargo heist, the complete history of hip hop, and the competing claims for invention of the 3-hole punch. Learn more about the IB course offerings: The Complete List of IB Courses and Classes Which IB Courses Can I Take Online? Can I Get an Online IB Diploma? Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

The performance of Saudi Aramco Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The performance of Saudi Aramco - Essay Example Analysis of Saudi Aramco Against Major Performance Structures Abdullah Adnan Algamdi, 220078861 MM324, Organisational Leadership and Performance Length: 2,563 Dr. ... The research therefore employs the model prescribed by Hillgren & Morse to analyse the internal systems and structures of Saudi Aramco that enables the company to maintain its current capacity of producing 12 million barrels of petroleum (Saudi Aramco Annual Report, 2010 p6) each day and also refine, transport and market a similar volume of oil each day. The paper draws on information from the Saudi Aramco website accessed on the date of completing the paper. The main source of information for the analysis was taken from the Saudi Aramco Annual Report of 2010 which is available on the Saudi Aramco website. Research Question: What elements of high performance as prescribed by Hillgren & Morse are employed by Saudi Aramco to maintained sustained high performance in their operations and strategy? 2- Hillgren & Morse Model Hillgren & Morse (1998 p2) identify that there are some common elements of high performance businesses. In other words, they appear to have identified some common stru ctures and systems that exist universally in consistently high performing businesses. These structures, according to them are responsible for the generation of high results and the sustained generation of high performance year after year. In defining high performance, the areas of high performance they identified were â€Å"financial results, employee morale and customer care & satisfaction† (Hillgren & Morse, 1998: 2). This shows that in order to attain positive financial results and other stakeholder needs, particularly the needs of employees and customers, the structures they identified in their studies will have to be employed to ensure that optimum results are attained and maintained

Comparison and Contrast of Two Articles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Comparison and Contrast of Two Articles - Essay Example Beyrer’s (2010) article in turn seeks to find a solution that addressed the technical difficulties plaguing students, and hampering learning in online classes. Both articles used the term online to refer to a certain form of instructional method, people, or abilities that make use of the World Wide Web. In â€Å"Comparing Student Achievement in Online and Face-to-Face Class Formats,† Dell, Low and Wilker (2010) used the term online to refer to a form of teaching method that was used as a basis for comparison with the more traditional chalk and blackboard method of teaching, which has been practiced for years. They used the term to refer to a world wide web-aided learning that professors used to channel their lessons and teachings. Dell, Low and Wilker’s (2010) wrote that: A research project was conducted to analyze student achievement using submitted assignments for two sections of a graduate course in human development and learning, taught both online and face-t o-face, as well as three sections of undergraduate educational psychology, two of which were taught face-to-face, and one taught online. (p. 30) In this paragraph, the authors used online to give readers a mental picture of how the online teaching format was done; it also elucidates the items used from which to draw a quantifiable comparison between the two teaching platforms used. â€Å"Online teaching and learning is now commonly offered in teacher education programs, with students enrolled in either individual classes or entire programs online† (Dell, Low, & Wilker, 2010, p. 30). Here, the authors used online to refer to a list of courses that students can take via the web. According to the Montgomery College in Maryland (2006), online courses are convenient, flexible, individualized, promote life-long learning, and are cost-effective. The growing popularity of online courses has led the proponents to explore its efficiency in delivering quality education minus the four co rners of the classroom. Since online instruction and research methodology are under scrutiny, especially in terms of student achievement, researchers should continue to focus on comparing face-to-face and online class student outcomes, as well as the development of best practices in online pedagogy. (Dell, Low & Wilker, 2010) Online in this paragraph was again used to refer to the teaching platform that was being compared against the standard face-to-face method of teaching. Apart from referring to it as a new teaching method used, online in the third line also refers to the group of students that are learning from, or are enrolled in the said method of instruction. The â€Å"Online Student Success: Making a Difference† by Beyrer (2010), on the other hand, used online, still, to refer to a world wide web-associated body of knowledge; however, the term this time is not associated with a method of teaching employed by professors. Instead, it is mostly used to denote an online c ourse that can help prepare, and equip students in troubleshooting future problems encountered while learning online. Beyrer wrote: â€Å"This research project examines the effectiveness of one answer to this question. Cosumnes River College offers a course to meet this need, Online Student Suc

Features of data and information

Features of data and information Identify the features of data and information Data: Data is defined as the collection of facts about events. This collection of facts is in raw form means that an unorganised and unprocessed form, which cannot be use for meaningful purpose for example Name, Age, Price etc. Information: Information is defined as a well-organised, well-processed and meaningful form of data generated from raw data. The end users utilises this meaningful data for making a decision easily for example Employees Records, Sale Report etc. Accessibility, Relevance, comprehensibility, timeliness and accuracy: In any organisation it is important that accessibility to information must be provided to all departments employees it means that availability of information to the management and other staff. The accessible information must be relevant to the processes, functionality and operations of that department. The information must be comprehensible i.e. clear, well organised and structured, must be timelines i.e. suitable to complete related task and must be accurate to generate the expected result properly. Determine the criteria to be applied when selecting data and information to support decision-making In business environment data is a valuable asset for any organisation. The data must be collected carefully because organisation decision-making processes are based on the generated information from this data. While selecting data and information for decision-making we must apply some criteria to this selection such as accuracy, validity, clarity etc. Data selection criteria: Accuracy, completeness, validity, consistency Accuracy: Data accuracy is vital role in management information because an accurate data can generate highly valuable results. For data accuracy timeliness is important otherwise there will be errors in the result. Completeness: The completeness of the data means the availability of latest data for decision-maker. The incomplete data can lead to poor decision-making management information. Validity: The validity of data mean data must be collected carefully and from an authentic source. The source of data must be known and verified. Consistency: The consistency of data is key role in good management information because it generates reliable, steady, well-organised and well-structured information. Information selection criteria: Data quality, definition clarity, relevance, presentation, timeliness, availability Data quality: To generate highly valuable and standard information data must be according to certain quality standards such as data must be in the appropriate format, well structure, well-organised and standard transferring method must be used. Definition clarity: The generated Information must be clearly and easily understandable, this will allow organisation employees to use the right information in the right place. Relevance: Information must be relevant to a task that it can be examined and packaged into an effective format. This is helpful that the management information is having to the point information but the information must not be incomplete. Presentation: The management information must be able to present information in the right format, order, well-structured and attractive design. This will describe a clearer picture of the organisation. Timeliness: The information must not take longer time i.e. must be concise and to the point that the management information can quickly response. Availability: The regular availability of information must be guaranteed to the management information that all tasks can run smoothly and the management information is able to generate up to date results. Evaluate the impact of a management information system to an organisation Increasing productivity and creativity: Management information system provides knowledge to workers accessing information resources. Using this knowledge the productivity of organisation is increased rapidly i.e. manufacture more products in short time. Not only this but also it brings new ideas and inspiration into the organisation. Developing policies: Management information system helps organisations to get maximum benefits from the extensive use of these information resources in developing policies i.e. planning, implementation and evaluation in the organisation. Use of strategic information resources: In the management information system the strategic information resources helps organisation in increasing productivity and brings new innovation. Organisations are able to do better planning, implement new policies efficiently. Strategic information resources improve the use of information resources in business, government and non-profit organisations strategies. Understanding ICT as a tool for accessing information In the management information system the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools are the most commonly used source for accessing information. These tools allow organization to access any type of information such products, researches, new developments, quality standards, communication with employees and customers etc. Managing external, corporate and internal information in organization The management information system systematically and efficiently manages the external information i.e. customer needs and choices, corporate information i.e. organisation values, brand names, advertising and marketing procedure, and internal information i.e. effectiveness of tasks, quick processing, interpretation and response of the organisation staff. Using information to support business processes Information supports the following business process. Market and customer information Using Market information organisation can learn about the competitors in the market allowing them to improve product quality, increase productivity etc. using customer information organisation will have a better understanding of customer needs and choices. Product information Using product information organisation can improve products quality, increase production, price comparison and easily availability. Specialist knowledge Using specialist knowledge organisation can manufacture new innovative products, add new customer to business, reduced cost and expenditure. Business process information Business process information supports the internal information about the performance of the organisation such Finances, Customer, internal process and learning and growth. Management information and plans Management information and plans supports the developing policies, future planes, and improvement of services of the organisation. Human resource information Human resource information is essential for organisations reputation, product support, future planes and innovations. Supplier information The Supplier information allows the organisations to choose from a large number of suppliers offers affordable price, best quality and quick service. LO2: Understanding the importance of information sharing within the organisation Information sharing within the organisation making employees as team allowing them to put forward their ideas, inspiration, new creations, discuss different matter and find solution for critical issue. This improves the overall efficiency of the organisation in terms of employees, products, policies, customers and competitors. Assessment Criteria Determine the legal responsibilities in sourcing, sharing and storing information Confidentiality and privacy: Special care must be taken when sourcing, sharing and storing information such that this must fully compliance with the Data Protection Act. Information about organisation and employee must not be disclosed with out their consent. Copyright and software protection Any type of data, information and software must be used under copyright and software protection Act. This means that using someone work must be authorised by that person or any organisation to which it belongs. Contractual obligations In case of conditional agreement information sourcing, sharing and storing must not breach the conditions i.e. all these operations must be according to the terms and conditions of contract. IS and Crime (criminal not civil law) This includes frauds i.e. dishonestly use of information, infringement i.e. violation of rules and regulation, miss used of information i.e. for the purpose of making organisation or individual unpopular. Discuss when information should be offered and access allowed. Information obtaining, accessing and processing must be according to the Data Protection Act, which gives the right to individuals Person, organisation etc to know what information is held about them, the purpose of information holding as well ensures them that personal information is handled properly. Anyone who is processing someone personal information must comply with the eight principles of Data Protection Act, which are explained below. Fairly and lawful process: According to 1st principle, Personal data must be processed fairly and lawfully. This means that the data subject i.e. person, organisation permitted the processing of their personal information for any legal and legitimate purposes such as employment, justice, health and safety etc. Process for limited purpose: According to 2nd principle, Personal data must be obtained and process for a limited purpose only i.e. one or more particular and lawful purposes. If the further processing of personal information is required for other purposes than the specified then the data subject must be informed and further processing should be according to the data object consent. Adequate, relevant and not excessive: According to 3rd principle, Personal data must be adequate, relevant and not excessive in relation to the purpose it is obtained and processed. This must ensure the data subject that the processing of personal data is relevant to the specified purpose and is not unnecessary. Accurate and up to date: According to 4th principle, Personal data must be accurate and up to date if necessary. This means that the accuracy of the data must be ensure whatever it is directly obtained from the data subject or it is through third party. It is the responsibility of the data object to inform the about any changes or inaccuracy in the data. Not kept for longer than is necessary: According to 5th principle, Personal data must not be kept longer than is required for the purpose or purposes after it is processed. Process in line with a persons right: According to 6th principle, Personal data shall be processed with the data subject rights under the Data Protection act. This means the data subject has the right to request for the correction, blocking and deleting of their personal data after processing. Secure: According to 7th principle, the security of personal data must be ensures. This means that in case of unauthorised or unlawful processing, accidental loss and destruction to the personal data appropriate technical and organisational measures should be taken to prevent such incidents. Data Transfer According to 8th principle, Personal data must not be transferred outside the European Economic Area i.e. to outside countries. If the outside countries can ensures that personal data will have adequate level of protection and will be processed with the consent of data object and for the specified purpose, then in such situation data can be transferred. Evaluate the formats in which information can be offered. Electronic/manual: In Electronic format information are provided through electronic means computer generated such as E-mail, Ms Word file, Excel sheet, Data Bases etc. while manual information are almost are provided on papers i.e. printed or handwritten such as log books, manual order book, letters, books, reports etc. Lists of Individuals List of individual could be computer generated or manual, which contains details about organization employees, managerial stop and other staff responsible for different task. Usually this contains names, designation, contact etc. Libraries: Libraries are well organized and well-structured data storage system used in computer to holds data files, folders, records, pictures, and videos in a proper order etc. now days there are many electronic libraries holding e-book, e-journal etc. not only electronic libraries are used still most organization using large number of manual libraries contains books, journal, research papers, reports etc. Folders Folder is container used by computer system for organizing folders, programs and files on a disk in graphical user interfaces mostly represented with a graphical image (icon) of file folder on the screen. Manual folders normally used for holding papers i.e. invoices, report, expenses etc. Documents Computer generated document is any self-contained piece of work created with help of any application program is saved with a unique file name. This unique name is used to retrieve that document. While manual documents are hard copies or handwritten records, personal detail, manual etc. List items inside the lists This is heretical or tree structure, similar items are list under single category the inside list are known as sub categories of the main category. This keeps items in an organized structure and it is easy to find and locate a specific item. List items present in the libraries: In the libraries all items are divided in categories, each category contains a list of interrelated items as well sub items, this categorization helps in searching and locating items within the vast amount of the available items. LO3: Use information to inform and support strategic decision-making Assessment Criteria Analyze information to identify patterns and trends With the help of information system organisations can identify and predict the patterns and trends in all aspect of the business such as market, competition, customer demands etc and based on the information analysis they can make good strategic decisions. The market The Information system analyses the data collected from the market and based on the analysis the organisation can decide about the product quality improvement, increase productivity, adjust product price and can decide about the launching of new products and organisation future planes. The competition Based on the Information system analysis of the market data organisation can decide about the product price reduction, improves quality, improve advertising campaign, more facilities to customer and shareholder, easily availability etc as competition with other organisation. The state of economy Based on the Information system analysis organisation can manufacture economical product with low cost and can utilise available resources efficiently i.e. reduction in manufacturing time, proper use of material, required amount of product, reduction in manufacturing defects etc. Legislative development Information system improves the legislative system of the organisation. They are fully compliance with the data protection act, international laws and standards, legal rights. Based on the information analysis the organisations can take legal steps to attract Customers, compete with their competitors, can utilise information resources, shares informations, utilise hardware and software etc. Customer demands Based on the Information system analyses of the collected data from the market organization can predict the customer demands such as what customer wants, is their need of improvement in products, is there a possibility to launch new product, are products easily available to customer, is there a need of change in the policy and legislation, are customers able to commits complains and advices etc, are they happy with prices etc. Evaluate a range of decision making tools and techniques available to support a strategic decision SWOT SWOT (Strength weaknesses opportunities and Threats) analysis tools provide an organization a structural analysis of its Strengths, Weaknesses, the opportunities and threats they are facing. The SWOT analysis is based on the discussions and people viewpoints and it is not the end but step before any action planning take place. The organization use the analysis result to appreciate its strength (personal, competition, knowledge, production etc) for taking decision to minimize its weaknesses (improve developments, competition, product quality, customer communication etc), utilize most of the opportunities (possibilities, value in next five years, product demands etc) available and treating possible present and future threats (limitations, losing product values, equipment and software fault etc) in a planned and well organized way. Critical success factor (CSF) Critical success factor is an approach takes by the organisation to determine organisational need for information. There are a numbers of key factors required for any organisation to be successful, these factors are known as critical success factors. If organisation is unable to achieve these critical success factors, then this will have a high impact on the organisation and as a result there is possibility of organisation failure. Model Driven DSS Model-driven is a complex Decision Support System (DSS) system helping in analyzing decisions or choosing different options between the available. This type of system is used by the organization / Business managers and staff members, or by other peoples usually interact with the organization. The use of the system is for a number of purposes, which is depending on the setup of the model such as scheduling, decision analyses etc. there are a number of ways for the deployment of Model Driven DSS system such as in stand alone PCs through hardware and software in, through client / server systems, or through the web. Data Driven DSS The organization manager mostly uses the Data Driven Decision Support System (DSS) system as well staff and the product/service suppliers used it. The use of the system is for a specific need by sending query to a database or data warehouse, which then returns the requested specific information. This type of system is mostly deployed through a mainframe system, client/server system and trough the web. Computer-based databases are the example such system, having the capability to response to query and valuable results value from existing databases. Data Mining Data Mining is the data analyzing process from different perspectives and after processing generation of useful information summary. This summary information are utilized by the organizations to increase revenue, cuts costs etc. Data mining software is one of the analytical tools available to analyze data. This tool allows users to do analysis of the data from different angles, categorize data, and finally identification of the relationships in a summarized data. Determine the source available to assist in analyzing data information Information resources such as Data, Information and knowledge In business environment information resources are the most valuable assets for any organisation. The information i.e. data, information or knowledge must be collected carefully and with authenticity because the organisation decision-making processes are based on these information. These sources of these information resources could be organisation employees, customer and other organisations but there must be some criteria for using these resources such as accuracy, validity, clarity etc. Technology resources such as hardware and software For the processing of organisation data and information such as products detail, employees details, manufacturing, stock and accounts information appropriate technology resources such hardware i.e. computer systems, printers etc and software database system, data analysis tools etc must be available to managers and staffs of the organisation. Using such resources reduces production time, cost, improves communication within the organisation and with the customers. People resources such as employee and managers in organizations Organisation employees and managers are the vital part in analysing data because they provides the organisation internal data such as manufactured quantity, cost, stock etc and as well they are operating the available equipments, computer systems and software. In organisation mostly there are people specially trained for operating specialised hardware and software for information processing, analysing, report generation. LO4: Monitor and review management information Assessment Criteria Identify methods of evaluating management information within an organization For high level of management information organisations utilise different information evaluation methods to ensure a reliable, trusted and quality of information management system. Data governance Data governance (DG) is the overall management of the data employed in the enterprise. The Data governance ensures the availability, usability, integrity, and security of the employed data. A governing body or council runs a well-organized data governance program with a well-defined set of procedures and plans for the execution of defined procedures in the right direction. The followings are the three key elements of the successful data governance in an organization. The ability to use timely, reliable, trusted information to drive the business The data governance program must be able to ensure the information availability within the prescribed time frame to the recipients that it can be processed at in early stage. This information must be reliable i.e. consistent that execution of different processes can be performed in proper order and in the right direction. As well the information must be trusted i.e. accurate, update and must be gathered from the trusted source otherwise it will lead to program failure. Improving the quality of business decision- making The data governance programme must be able to utilise certain standard decision support systems for the achievement of high quality of business decision-making such as Model Driven DSS, Data Driven DSS etc. The available data for decision-making must be according to certain quality standard, appropriate format, well structured and well organised. Ensuring consistent use of information The data governance program must ensure the consistent use of information in organisation for reliability and smooth flow of business different process. The information flow must be regular to different component of the overall system that the system can generate reliable, trusted and high quality of result otherwise inconsistency will generate incorrect result and will lead to system failure. Management information value Timeliness Timeliness is a high importance in management information, which means that the recipients must receive information within the prescribed time frame. The timeliness can ensure an early stage information execution, which generates the accurate information result. The characteristic of timeliness of information must be effective as well must includes the current up to date information. Content Management information system provides valuable contents for organisation internal and external process support. These contents support business different process such as contents for decision making process, for manufacturing process, for marketing process, financial process, customer and services support etc. Format Management information system provides information in an appropriate and clear format, which is easily understandable. The provided information clearly describe the need, the purpose and place where it can be used such as market related information clearly describes the value of the organisation and its product that can be used to improve quality and services. Cost Management information systems help organizations in cost reduction in the overall business i.e. internally and externally. It allows organizations to deliver their products and services to customers at lower price than their competitors. Therefore, due to information system organizations can survive in difficult situations and can grow rapidly. Discuss process for analyzing impact of information on strategic decision made Set objective of process or organization The information analysis allows the decision-maker in the organization to develop and set objectives and allocates resources required for the achievement of these objectives. Thus the organization top-level management is benefiting from information analysis in making strategic planning. Evaluate weather goals achieved The information system allows the organisation to evaluate weather the desired goals are achieved from the information analysis or not. In case of failure the process is refined with utilising more resources, expertise, care and thoroughly investigation to make sure a quality of result achieves. Gap analysis is used for the evaluation of weather goals achieved or not. Assess reasons for variance from target to actual The performance diagnosis is done by applying knowledge to performance to check weather the processes, operations and functions are generating the quality results or not. Each process is judged thoroughly weather the overall process is running smoothly and will complete successfully. Revise and implement new approaches or modify goals If there is any mistake in the process it is revised and retest. Some times the achievement of the desired resulted new approaches is implemented and some time the difficulties in achieving result can lead to modification in goals. The ASHEN factors is used for the assessment of knowledge quality at the points described below Decisions Problem solutions Solution creation Judgement Learning points The ASHEN factors are one of the important attributes used in DIKAR model for knowledge quality assessment. It helps in making the decisions in the right place and direction, helps in finding the solution for the problems, helps in finding solution in an appropriate manners, helps in judgement of the task, problems, solutions and finally allowing end user to learn different approaches for the solution of the desired task. REFERENCES Dr.L.Ali, 7004_Strategic Information Management, 2009, Lecture Notes, Cromwell college of IT Management Manga Singh, Management Information System, 2010, Thesis Data Protection Act 1998 The Principles explained, at http://www.northtyneside.gov.uk/pls/portal/NTC_PSCM.PSCM_Web.download?p_ID=29520

Internal Combustion Engine and no Diversion Required

ETOPS DEFINITIONS : ETOPS are those flights conducted over a route that contains a point further than one hour flying time at one engine inoperative, still air cruise speed under standard conditions from an ADEQUATE AIRPORT. 430 NM’s for A-310 for one hour. We have 120 minutes ETOP’S approval from DGCA. ADEQUATE AIRPORT : is an airport that meets the landing performance requirements of the aircraft ie. Ruway length, ATC, Lighting, Communications, weather reporting, Nav Aids, airport facilities and at least one instrument approach.Adequate Airports are selected at the time of planning ETOP’S routes. [Not necessary to meet PCN requirements. ACN may exceed PCN when airport is used in an Emergency – not normal use] SUITABLE AIRPORT : is an ADEQUATE AIRPORT which at the ANTICIPATED time of use. [1 Hour before earliest E. T. A. to 1 Hour after latest E. T. A. ] has weather reports OR forecasts which indicate the weather conditions to be at or above the approved minima. The X – Wind component for Runway expected should be below permitted X – Wind limits. IMPORTANTADEQUATE AIRPORTS are fixed when planning route. SUITABLE AIRPORTS vary for each flight depending upon real time weather, Facilities available/not available, etc. applicable at the time of despatch of an ETOP’S flight. In case of an actual Diversion to a SUITABLE AIRPORT, normal landing minima will apply. Check Wx for SUITABLE AIRPORT is above landing minima for that airport before entry into ETOPS area. ADEQUATE AIRPORTS may temporarily become unsuitable if any of the requirements of a ADEQUATE AIRPORT may be temporarily unavailable.WEATHER MINIMA Weather minima for airports designated as suitable enroute alternates under ETOPS Regulations are prescribed as under. It must be noted that the minima shown hereunder are for despatch release purposes only and in the event of an actual diversion, the applicable landing minima for that airport will be the controlling factor. Further, these minimas are for precision/non precision approaches at the respective airports.In the event ILS is not available, the despatch ETOP minima for that airport should be determined as per FAA Advisory circular AC 120 – 42A dated 30. 12. 1988 which lays down the following criteria. 1. Airports with 2 or more ILS on separate runways: Ceiling of 400ft and visibility of 1600m or Ceiling of 200ft and visibility of 800m above the authorised ILS landing minima; HIGHER. 2. Airports with ILS on single runway: Ceiling of 600ft and visibility of 3200m or Ceiling of 400ft and visibility of 1600m above the authorised ILS landing minima;HIGHER. . Airports with non – precision approaches: Ceiling of 800ft and visibility of 3200m or Ceiling of 400ft and visibility of 1600m above the authorised non precision landing minima; whichever is higher. NOTE : * – Based on the consideration RW 09/27 is available. # – To be used only when RW 09/27 is not availabl e for operation. CHANGING ALTERNATE IN FLIGHT There is no restriction on the Commander in changing the alternate in flight, after taking into consideration all factors, provided the aforesaid conditions are satisfied.In an emergency, the Commanders can act in the best interest of the Company and occupants of the aircraft. DIVERSION STRATEGIES Diversions due to land ASAP situations. 1. In Flight Engine Fire. 2. APU Fire. 3. Single Engine Operation. 4. Loss of Both Engine Generators. 5. Avionics Smoke. 6. Cargo Compartment Smoke. 7. Dual Hydraulic System Lo Pressure. Critical fuel Scenarios are : 1. Engine Failure. 2. Pressurisation Failure. 3. Engine & Pressurisation Failure. Depending upon the situation, 3 Strategies are used : 1. ELECTRICAL GENERATION |AVAILABLE GENERATOR’s AT |AFTER 1ST GEN FAILED |AFTER 2nd GEN FAILED OR APU |AFTER 3RD GEN FAILED | | |DESPATCH | |NOT AVAILABLE | | |NORMAL DESPATCH |2 ENG |START APU |NO DIVERSION REQUIRED |DIVERSION REQUIRED | | |1 APU |NO DIVERSION REQUIRED | | | | |1 STANDBY | | | | |MEL OR NORMAL |2 ENG |NO DIVERSION REQUIRED |DIVERSION REQUIRED |NOT APPLICABLE | | |1 APU | | | | |MEL DESPATCH |2 ENG | | | | | |1 STANDBY (b) | | | | (b) STANDBY GENERATOR TO BE CHECKED ON GROUND. 2. ALWAYS DIVERT TO NEAREST SUITABLE AIRPORT FOR CARGO SMOKE. 3. IF GREEN HYDRAULIC LOST, STANDBY GENERATOR U/S, FACTOR THIS IN CASE OF MEL RELEASE FOR ELECTRICAL, SUBSEQUENT ELECTRICAL FAILURES. MEL DESPATCH CONSIDERATIONS FOR ETOP’s [NOT EXHAUSTIVE – CHECK MEL FOR ACTUAL] 1. AIR CONDITIONING. BOTH PACKS, PACK DEFLECT DOORS, TBV, PACK FAULT LIGHTS, PACK AUTO/MAN TEMPERATURE CONTROL. 2. PRESSURISATION. BOTH OUTFLOW VALVES. 3. VENTILATION.BLOWER FAN, EXTRACT FAN, OVBD VALVE, INBD VALVE. 4. AUTO FLIGHT SYSTEM. PITCH TRIM : FOR ER, #2 MAYBE INOPERATIVE. BUT BOTH OPERATIVE FROM BASE. AUTO PILOT 1 : AUTO PILOT OFF WARNING MESSAGE. TCC & AUTO THROTTLE ACTUATOR MAYBE INOPERATIVE. [FOR 1 FLIGHT TO AIRPORT WHERE REPAIRS CAN BE MADE] 5. ELECTRICAL. STANDBY GEN MUST BE OPERATIVE. DESPATCH ALLOWED FOR 1 FLIGHT TO AIRPORT WHERE REPAIRS CAN BE MADE. OR FOR ER MAY BE INOPERATIVE PROVIDED APU GENERATOR AVAILABLE AND OPERATES CONTINOUSLY WHEN IN ETOPS SECTOR [ BEYOND 60 MINUTES FROM AN ADEQUATE AIRPORT ] APU GEN EXCEPT FOR ER MAYBE INOP OR FOR ER OPERATIONS UPTO 120 MINUTES, APU GEN MAYBE U/S PROVIDED STANDBY GENERATOR IS OPERATIVE. 6.FIRE PROTECTION. BOTH FIRE LOOPS ON EACH ENGINE. 7. CRT. ALL CRT’s, ECAM SGU, FWC. ONLY IRS #2 CAN BE INOPERATIVE. IRS 1 & IRS 3 MUST BE OPERATIVE. BOTH FMS. 8. PNEUMATIC. BOTH BLEED SYSTEMS, BLEED VALVES. 9. ENGINE IGNITION. CHECK MEL. 10. IMPORTANT FOR ETOPS STANDBY HORIZON, BOTH OIL QUANTITY, FUEL QUANTITY INDICATIONS, â€Å"DC ESS ON BATT† LIGHT, APU INDICATIONS ON ECAM, FUEL X – FEED, 2 HF, 2 VHF. ETOPS FUEL AND FLIGHT PLANNING EEP :ETOPS ENTRY POINT. THAT POINT ON ROUTE WHICH IS FURTHER THAN ONE HOUR FROM AN ADEQUATE AIRPORT. EXP :ETOPS EXIT POINT. THAT POINT ON R OUTE AT END OF ETOPS SEGMENT WHERE AN ADEQUATE AIRPORT IS AVAILABLE WITHIN ONE HOUR.ETP :EQUI – TIME POINT BETWEEN TWO SUITABLE DIVERSION ALTERNATES. CRITICAL FUEL SCENARIOS : IS FUEL REQUIRED ASSUMING A NORMAL FLIGHT AND 3 DIFFERENT FAILURE SCENARIOS AT CRITICAL POINT. THE 1 REQUIRING MOST FUEL IS ETOPS CRITICAL FUEL SCENARIO. THE THREE FAILURES ARE ( ENGINE FAIL. ( DE PRESSURISATION. ( ENGINE FAILURE AND DEPRESSURISATION. FUEL REQUIREMENT ? FUEL BURN OFF FROM CRITICAL POINT TO DIVERSION AIRPORT, DOWN TO 1500 FEET OVERHEAD. ASSUMING SIMULTANEOUS FAILURE OF ENGINE AND PRESSURISATION, IMMEDIATE DESCENT TO 10,000’ THEN CRUISE AT SINGLE ENGINE SPEED. ? 15 MINUTES HOLDING AT 1500’ AT GREEN DOT SPEED. ? ONE INSTRUMENT APPROACH, SECOND VISUAL APPROACH. 5% OF FUEL BURN OFF AS CONTINGENCY FUEL. ? 5% FUEL MILEAGE PENALTY OR A DEMONSTRATED PERFORMANCE FACTOR. ? EFFECT OF MEL – CDL. ? APU FUEL CONSUMPTION IF REQUIRED AS POWER SOURCE. ? WIND AND MET CONDITIONS CONSID ERED FOR CRUISE AT SINGLE ENGINE ALTITUDE THEN TO DESCEND AND LAND INCLUDING ICING CONDITIONS, WING ANTI – ICE, NACELLE ANTI – ICE AND DRAG FROM ICE ON UNHEATED PORTIONS OF AIRCRAFT. ? ATC CONSTRAINTS. AIR INDIA ETOPS FLIGHT PLAN ETOPS ANALYSIS. CIRCULAR A310/99/RED-11. FOR THE CHOSEN SUITABLE PAIR OF AIRPORTS FOR THE FLIGHT, THE EARLIEST/LATEST TIME OF ARRIVAL IS GIVEN. EXAMPLEVOMM SUITABLE 2140Z/0139Z [EARLIEST BASED ON 2 ENGS, LATEST 1 ENG] WMKP SUITABLE 2335Z/0139ZTHESE TIMES ARE BASED ON ONE HOUR BEFORE EARLIEST ARRIVAL TO ONE HOUR AFTER LATEST ARRIVAL. EARLIEST ARRIVAL TIME BASED ON TWO ENGINE OPERATIVE SPEED. LATEST ARRIVAL TIME BASED ON ONE ENGINE INOPERATIVE SPEED. THE CRITICAL FUEL CALCULATION IS BASED ON ABOVE CHOSEN PAIR OF SUITABLE ALTERNATES. FORMAT ? ETP LAT/LONG / DISTANCE FROM ORIGIN AIRPORT TO ETP / FLIGHT TIME FROM ORIGIN AIRPORT TO ETP / BURNOFF FROM ORIGIN AIRPORT TO ETP / ESTIMATED FUEL REMAINING OVER ETP. ? TIME FROM ETP TO ALTERNATE BASED ON ONE ENGINE FIXED TAS / TEMP AT FL100 AT ALTERNATE 1 / ETP / ALTERNATE 2 ? THEN FOLLOWS A SUMMARY OF GREAT CIRCLE DIST / MET DATA FROM ETP TO BOTH SUITABLE ALTERNATES. FUEL CALCULATION IS BASED ON LRC ALSO WEIGHT OVER ETP IS GIVEN. THE LAST PART CONTAINS THE CRITICAL FUEL CALCULATION REQUIRED TO DIVERT TO ALTERNATES FROM ETP. ? THE FIRST COLUMN ON THE LEFT SIDE GIVES THE MOST LIMITING FUEL REQUIRED FOLLOWED BY TIME FOR THE ENTIRE LINE. THE TOTAL OF THIS COLUMN WHICH GIVES YOU THE TOTAL CRITICAL DIVERSION FUEL. ? TOTAL CRITICAL DIVERSION FUEL PLUS FUEL FROM ORIGINAL AIRPORT TO ETP IS EQUAL TO TOTAL ETOPS REQUIRED FROM ORIGIN. ? THE NORMAL FLIGHT PLAN FUEL SHOULD BE HIGHER THAN THIS FUEL. ? NOTE TAXI FUEL IS NOT INCLUDED IN THE ABOVE CALCULATIONS. STANDBY GEN CHECK [DONE BY AME] / FUEL X – FEED CHECK FOR ETOPS. REFERENCES FOR ETOPS ? STANDING ORDERS PAGE 7 – 16 [ EXTRACTS ON NEXT PAGE ] ? FLIGHT DESPATCH MANUAL ? CIRCULARSA-310/1999/RED-118/4/99ETOPS FLIGHT PLANNING A-310/20 01/RED-288/7/01ETOPS A-310 [IMPORTANT CIRCULAR – HAS ALL OUR ROUTES, ETOPS SEGMENTS AND ETOPS ALTERNATES] ? OPS/HQ/A-310/92-4 26/8/92 ? JEPESSEN – ETOPS WEATHER MINIMA STANDING ORDERS ON ETOPS ? NOTE – IN CASE OF ENGINE FAILURE OR SINGLE/MUTIPLE PRIMARY SYSTEM FAILURE IT IS A REQUIREMENT THAT PILOT DIVERT TO NEAREST ADEQUATE/SUITABLE AIRPORT. ? AS FAR AS POSSIBLE RETURN OR PROCEED TO AN ONLINE AIRPORT WITHIN THE STIPULATED RANGE OR LAND AT AN AIRPORT ON THE TRACK. ? IF MORE THAN ONE SUITABLE ALTERNATE AVAILABLE, CONSIDER AVAILABILITY OF ENGINEERING. ETOPS ENROUTE ALTERNATES. SECTOR |ALTERNATES | | | | |MAA – HKG – MAA |CHENNAI, BANGKOK, PHUKET | |BBG – SIN – BBG |CHENNAI, BANGKOK, PENANG, PHUKET, YANGOON | |SIN – DEL |PHUKET, CHENNAI, MUMBAI | |TRV – SIN – TRV |COLOMBO, PENANG, PHUKET, CHENNAI / KUALA LUMPUR, | | |CHENNAI / SINGAPORE | |BOM – SIN – BOM |CHENNAI, BANGKOK, PENANG, YANGOON, PHUKET | |MAA – KUL- MAA | | |MAA – SIN – MAA | | |BOM – DES – BOM |SALALAH / MOMBASA | |BOM – NBO – BOM |SALALAH / SEYCHELLES. MALE / SEYCHELLES | ———————– NO OBSTACLE (STANDARD STRATEGY) DESCEND WITH MCT/M0. 80/300 KTS ON REACHING S. E. ALT LRC 2. 16. 30 – Pg 7 TO 10 OBSTACLE PROBLEM (OBSTACLE STRATEGY) DRIFT DOWN WITH GREEN DOT SPD. MCT 2. 16. 30 1-2 AT D. D. ALT. IF OBSTL NOT CLD. MAINTAIN GREEN DOT/MCT, SEL HIGHER ALT TO CLR OBS. AND LVL CHG TO ACHIEVE ASC CRZ. IF OBS CLRD. FOR SUBSEQUENT CRZ USE LRC 2. 16. 30 – Pg. 7 TO 10 MINIMUM TIME DIVERSION (MIN TIME DIVERSION STRATEGY) FOR UN- EXTINGUISHED FIRE,SMOKE DESCEND AT MCT & M0. 84/340 KTS RECOMMENDED – FL180 TO FL200 ON REACHING S. E. ALT. MAINTAIN MCT OR REQ THRUST FOR 340 KTS. 2. 16. 40 – Pg. 2 – 4 FL180 – FL200 | |PRECISION APPROACH |NON PRECISION APPROACH | |AIRPORT |CEILING ft |VI SIBILITY mtrs CEILING ft |VISIBILITY mtrs | | | | | | | |ADEN |- |- |890 |3600 | |BANGKOK |400 |1600 |910 |4000 | |CHENNAI |650 |3200 |1250 |6000 | |CHIANG MAI |690 |3200 |1170 |5200 | |COLOMBO |630 |3200 |910 |3600 | |DANANG |690 |3200 |1070 |4800 | |DAR E SALAAM |600 |3200 |1070 |4800 | |DEN PASAR (Bali) |700 |3200 |860 |3600 | |DJIBOUTI |600 |3200 |900 |3800 | |HANOI |630 |3200 |1000 |4000 | |JAKARTA |420 |2000 |890 |4000 | |KARACHI |620 |3200 |790 |3200 | |KUALA LUMPUR |400 |1600 |940 |4000 | |KUNMING |680 |3200 |1200 |5200 | |LEARMONTH |- |- |900 |4900 | |MALE |730 |3200 |870 |3600 | |MOMBASA |600 |3200 |860 |3600 | |MUMBAI |* 610 |* 3200 1760 |6400 | | |# 900 |# 4400 | | | |MUSCAT |620 |3200 |960 |4000 | |NAIROBI |600 |3200 |1200 |6000 | |PENANG |690 |3200 |1550 |5600 | |PHUKET |- |- |1270 |5600 | |SALALAH |620 |3200 |830 |3600 | |SEYCHELLES |840 |4000 |1390 |6400 | |SINGAPORE |400 |1600 |970 |4000 | |YANGON |670 |3200 |900 |5300 | |ETOP MINIMA FOR AIRPORTS WHICH CAN BE USED I N PLACE OF BOMBAY FOR GULF SECTORS [14 NOV 2002] | |AHMEDABAD |650 |3200 |950 |5200 | |CALICUT |1060 |5100 |1450 |6600 | |COCHIN |690 |3200 |1010 |4400 | |GOA |850 |3500 |990 |4800 | |TRIVANDRUM |650 |3200 |1170 |6000 | LAND ASAP DIVERSION SUMMARY FAIL ENGINE FIRE ENGINE OR APU SMOKE AVIONICS CARGO DUAL GENERATORS, HYDRAULIC

Perspective on Color and Race from a Childs Eye Essay

When children come into the world they are not born hating anyone, in fact they are born completely helpless and dependent on another person to care for them. Children are also dependent on others to learn. They come into this world needing to feel protected and loved, so why do we teach them to hate? Why not instead teach them to love? There are many things that will need to change in our society to dismantle racism; however it will need to start with our children. My paper will show who is oppressed, who is oppressing, and will compare and contrast what has happened in history, and to where we will need to start to end racism. I Have a Dream Dr. Martin Luther King in his â€Å"I have a dream speech† stated that now is the time to rise†¦show more content†¦With this theory, it leads many adults not wanting to talk to their children about race because they fear it could lead to putting ideas in their minds (Aboud 2008). When young children do express thoughts of race or being bias, it is often dismissed as either bad parenting, child not knowing what they are talking about, or simply bad behavior in children. Research clearly shows that children not only recognize race from a very young age, but also develop racial biases by age’s three to five that do not necessarily resemble the racial attitudes of adults in their lives (Aboud 2008). Three- to five-year-olds in a racially and ethnically diverse day care center used racial categories to identify themselves and others, to include or exclude children from activities, and to negotiate power in their own social/play networks (Van Ausdale Feagin 2001). Children are motivated to learn and conform to the broader cultural and social norms that will help them function in society. In order to gauge these community norms, children have to gather information from a broad range of sources – not just their own families (Aboud 2008). 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